Declines in an abundant aquatic insect, the burrowing mayfly, across major North American waterways
Declines in an abundant aquatic insect, the burrowing mayfly, across major North American waterways
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1913598117
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发表时间：
2020-02-11
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Kelly, Jeffrey F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Stepanian, Phillip M.;Entrekin, Sally A.;Kelly, Jeffrey F.
动物在不同栖息地之间的季节性运动是能量、营养物质和生物量在过渡带之间运输的基本机制。这种交换的一个引人注目的例子是淡水底栖生物栖息地每年出现的蜉蝣群，但它们在宏观尺度上的特征仍然是不可能的。我们分析了蜉蝣紧急飞行的雷达观测，以量化密西西比河上游和伊利湖西部流域年生物量运输的长期变化。一次突发事件可以产生879亿只蜉蝣，在几个小时内向空域释放3078.6吨生物质，但近年来，这两条水道的产量下降了50%以上。作为水生和陆地生态系统的主要猎物来源，这些下降将影响更高的营养水平和环境营养循环。
Seasonal animal movement among disparate habitats is a fundamental mechanism by which energy, nutrients, and biomass are transported across ecotones. A dramatic example of such exchange is the annual emergence of mayfly swarms from freshwater benthic habitats, but their characterization at macroscales has remained impossible. We analyzed radar observations of mayfly emergence flights to quantify long-term changes in annual biomass transport along the Upper Mississippi River and Western Lake Erie Basin. A single emergence event can produce 87.9 billion mayflies, releasing 3,078.6 tons of biomass into the airspace over several hours, but in recent years, production across both waterways has declined by over 50%. As a primary prey source in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, these declines will impact higher trophic levels and environmental nutrient cycling.