Gender differences in children with ADHD, ODD, and co-occurring ADHD/ODD identified in a school population
Gender differences in children with ADHD, ODD, and co-occurring ADHD/ODD identified in a school population
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DOI：
10.1097/00004583-199712000-00019
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发表时间：
1997-12-01
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Gaub, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carlson, CL;Tamm, L;Gaub, M
目的：探讨来自不同种族学校样本的破坏性行为障碍儿童的性别差异。方法：对2984例经教师评定的DSM-IV症状诊断为注意缺陷/多动障碍混合型（ADHD-C）（男孩46例，女孩2例）、对立违抗性障碍（ODD）（男孩59例，女孩35例）和伴发ADHD-C/ODD[男孩76例，女孩27例)的儿童进行相互比较，并与254例对照进行症状、社会功能和Achenbach教师报告量表的教师评定。结果：ADHD-C/ODD患儿在所有变量上得分最低。在“纯”组中，ODD儿童被评为比ADHD-C儿童学得更多、学习更努力、注意力不集中；只有ODD组表现出比对照组更多的内化问题。在ADHD-C和ODD组中，男孩的攻击性和某些个体症状的评分高于女孩。与患有ODD的男孩相比，患有ODD的女孩被认为更合适，注意力不集中，但更不快乐，社交障碍更严重。总体而言，女孩的同龄人厌恶得分高于男孩。结论：共病和性别问题影响着ADHD-C的相关因素，学习问题在ADHD-C中较高，内化问题仅与ODD相关，ADHD-C/ODD组的损害最大。尽管有类似或更少的行为障碍，但患有dbd的女孩可能比患有dbd的男孩有更多的社交问题。
Objective: To examine gender differences among children with disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs) from an ethnically diverse school sample. Method: From 2,984 children, children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, combined type (ADHD-C) (46 boys, II girls), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) (59 boys, 35 girls), and co-occurring ADHD-C/ODD [76 boys, 27 girls), diagnosed by teacher-rated DSM-IV symptoms, were compared with each other and with 254 controls on teacher ratings of symptoms, social functioning, and Achenbach Teacher's Report Form scales. Results: Children with ADHD-C/ODD received the poorest ratings on ail variables. in ''pure'' groups, children with ODD were rated as learning more, working harder, and being less inattentive than children with ADHD-C; only the ODD group showed more internalizing problems than controls. For ADHD-C and ODD groups, ratings of aggression and some individual symptoms were higher in boys than girls. Girls with ODD were rated as more appropriate and less inattentive, but unhappier and more socially impaired than boys with ODD. Overall, girls received higher peer dislike scores than boys. Conclusions: Comorbidity and gender issues affect the correlates of DBDs, with learning problems higher in ADHD-C, internalizing problems associated only with ODD, and greatest impairment for ADHD-C/ODD groups. Despite having similar or less behavioral dysfunction, girls with DBDs may have more social problems than boys with DBDs.