Collaboration and complexity: an experiment on the effect of multi-actor coupled design
Collaboration and complexity: an experiment on the effect of multi-actor coupled design
复制标题
协作与复杂性：多参与者耦合设计效果的实验
DOI：
10.1007/s00163-016-0214-7
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
O. Weck
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Grogan;O. Weck
摘要复杂系统的设计需要协作团队克服个人的局限性；然而，团队合作带来了与成员之间信息交换相关的新的复杂性。本文制定了一项人类受试者实验，使用基于参数设计问题的替代任务来量化技术和社会复杂性来源对设计工作的相对贡献。十个小组，每组 3 名受试者，每组执行 42 项设计任务，这些任务具有不同的问题规模和耦合（技术复杂性）和团队规模（社会复杂性），以衡量完成时间（设计工作量）。
两级回归模型的结果复制了过去的工作，表明对于高度耦合的任务，完成时间随着问题大小呈几何增长。新的发现表明，对于本研究中考虑的耦合和非耦合任务，团队规模的影响与问题大小无关。
协作占总工作量的很大一部分，并且随着团队规模的扩大而增加：对于双人组，大约需要 50–60% 的时间和 70–80% 的成本；对于三人组，大约需要 60–80% 的时间和 90% 的成本。结论确定了改进的设计方法和工具在预测和克服高协作成本方面的作用。
AbstractDesign of complex systems requires collaborative teams to overcome limitations of individuals; however, teamwork contributes new sources of complexity related to information exchange among members. This paper formulates a human subjects experiment to quantify the relative contribution of technical and social sources of complexity to design effort using a surrogate task based on a parameter design problem. Ten groups of 3 subjects each perform 42 design tasks with variable problem size and coupling (technical complexity) and team size (social complexity) to measure completion time (design effort).
Results of a two-level regression model replicate past work to show completion time grows geometrically with problem size for highly coupled tasks. New findings show the effect of team size is independent from problem size for both coupled and uncoupled tasks considered in this study.
Collaboration contributes a large fraction of total effort, and it increases with team size: about 50–60 % of time and 70–80 % of cost for pairs and 60–80 % of time and 90 % of cost for triads. Conclusions identify a role for improved design methods and tools to anticipate and overcome the high cost of collaboration.