Metroethnicity, language, and the principle of Cool
Metroethnicity, language, and the principle of Cool
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都市种族、语言和酷原则
DOI：
10.1515/ijsl.2005.2005.175-176.83
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Maher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Maher
文化本质主义和民族正统主义已经过时。在日本，Metroethnicity很流行。很酷的规则。Metroethnicity是种族的重建：一个混合的“街头”种族，由具有种族或主流背景的人组成，他们在友谊，音乐，艺术，饮食和服装方面倾向于文化混合，文化/种族容忍和多元文化的生活方式。日本人和少数民族背景的人都是为了审美效果而与种族（不一定是他们自己的）“玩耍”。Metroethnicity对英雄主义的种族主义持怀疑态度，对民族语言的感伤主义感到厌烦。它认为这样的叙述是不可避免的，但logocentric。Metroethnicity听到了少数民族权利的呼声，但将自己定位在一个更遥远和更凉爽的地方。这个地方涉及文化交叉，自我定义由借用和自己动手，模糊的种族“身份”的模糊。操作系统是Metroethnicity。它的桌面文化表达是酷。这里考察的文化影响涉及（民族）语言作为一种现成的，接受或放弃它的生活方式配件，符合审美需求，而不是民族语言学的责任。语言的维护和忠诚的metroethnic的标准，然后从忠诚的民族遗产和政治责任的生活方式解放的问题。值得吗？有意思吗？很时髦吗？这是一个很酷的事情做和拥有？酷是忽略或最小化种族主张的能力。种族将被部署-稍后-为生活方式的目的，当它被认为是酷。酷并不等同于时尚或流行。酷包括一种感知到的看到事物另一面或另一面的能力;一种多元文化视角的人或少数民族被认为独特拥有的能力。酷是古怪的，创新的和宽容的。酷是一种态度，也是一种希望。日本语言少数民族（朝鲜人、阿伊努人、新移民）的历史性斗争可能会让位于新的都市民族一代。酷有一个脆弱的文化逻辑。它是一种残留的代码，已经把自己变成了一种涌现的代码。它的表演风格是基于并同时从分离和联想的象征。一成不变的种族认同密码已经一去不复返。酷哥来了
Abstract Cultural essentialism and ethnic orthodoxy are out. In Japan, Metroethnicity is in. Cool rules. Metroethnicity is a reconstruction of ethnicity: a hybridized ‘‘street’’ ethnicity deployed by a cross-section of people with ethnic or mainstream backgrounds who are oriented towards cultural hybridity, cultural / ethnic tolerance and a multicultural lifestyle in friendships, music, the arts, eating and dress. Both Japanese and persons with minority background ‘‘play’’ with ethnicity (not necessarily their own) for aesthetic effect. Metroethnicity is skeptical of heroic ethnicity and bored with sentimentalism about ethnic language. It views such narrative as inevitable but logocentric. Metroethnicity hears the cry of minority rights but positions itself in a more distant and cooler place. This place involves cultural crossings, self-definition made up of borrowing and do-it-yourself, a sfumato of blurred ethnic ‘‘identities’’. The operating system is Metroethnicity. Its desktop cultural expression is Cool. The cultural effect examined here involves (ethnic) language as an off-the-shelf, take-it-or-leave it lifestyle accessory that conforms to aesthetic demands rather than ethnolinguistic duty. The criterion for language maintenance and allegiance for the metroethnic then shifts from loyalty to ethnic heritage and political duty to questions of lifestyle emancipation. Is it worthwhile? Is it interesting? Is it funky? Is it a cool thing to do and to have? Cool is the capacity to ignore or minimize the claims of ethnicity. Ethnicity will be deployed — later — for lifestyle purposes when it is deemed cool. Cool is not the same as fashion or popularity. Cool includes a perceived ability to see the flipside or alternative side of things; an ability that multicultural-perspective people or ethnic minorities are uniquely believed to possess. Cool is quirky, innovative and tolerant. Cool is an attitude and a hope. The historic struggle of Japan’s language minorities (Korean, Ainu, new migrant) may be giving way to a new metroethnic generation. Cool has a brittle cultural logic. It is a residual code that has turned itself into an emergent code. Its performative style is based upon and derives simultaneously from the symbols of both disaffiliation and association. Gone are the immutable ciphers of ethnic identity. Here comes Cool.