From monopoly power to deregulated markets
From monopoly power to deregulated markets
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从垄断权力到放松市场管制
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Subramanian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Subramanian
印度政策制定者为引入新自由主义经济改革辩护，提出了一个主要理由，即这将有助于优化国有控股企业的业绩。相反，本文认为，改革进程对这些企业的经营产生了极其有害的影响。基于对大型公共电信设备制造商ITI的种族历史案例的详细研究，文章强调了新自由主义的矛盾性质。即使公共部门的公司面临新的竞争规则，它们也继续受到官僚制约的网络的制约。然后，文章继续质疑官方关于从计划经济向市场经济过渡的说法，认为这是一个循序渐进和无痛苦的过程。事实上，对于公共部门管理人员和工人来说，与过去的决裂被证明是一次陡峭而相当暴力的经历。文章最后探讨了ITI管理层采取的一项关键战略措施，以使其能够适应变化的商业环境、自愿退休和工人对这一计划的反应。
India’s policymakers justified the introduction of neoliberal economic reforms by advancing one of the main grounds that it would help optimise the performance of state-controlled enterprises. This article argues, on the contrary, that the reform process had an extremely deleterious effect on these enterprises’ operations. Based on a detailed ethno-historical case study of ITI, a large public sector manufacturer of telecommunications equipment, the article highlights the contradictory nature of neoliberalisation. Even as public sector companies were exposed to new rules of competition, they continued to be subjected to a web of bureaucratic constraints. The article then proceeds to contest the official narrative of the transition from a command economy to a market economy as a gradualist and pain-free process. For public sector managers and workers, in fact, the rupture with the past proved to be a precipitous and fairly violent experience. The article concludes by examining a key strategic measure adopted by the ITI management to enable it to adjust to the changed business climate, voluntary retirement and workers’ responses to this scheme.