Processing of MAX phases: From synthesis to applications
Processing of MAX phases: From synthesis to applications
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DOI：
10.1111/jace.17544
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发表时间：
2020-11-15
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Gonzalez-Julian, Jesus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gonzalez-Julian, Jesus
MAX 相是一个拥有 150 多种不同成分的材料大家族，在过去 25 年中已得到广泛研究。它们呈现出层状结构和独特的性能组合，弥合了金属和陶瓷性能之间的差距。然而，尽管一些组合物在高温下具有优异的响应——在腐蚀环境下具有高达 1400 摄氏度的优异抗氧化性、良好的损伤和辐射耐受性、耐热冲击性和自裂纹愈合能力——但它们的应用受到三个主要因素的限制：i) 这一大类材料的复杂性，ii) 无法获得高纯度的商业粉末，以及 iii) 在核能或核能等战略领域获得产品许可需要很长的时间。 航空。本文综述了其主要性能和合成路线，包括固相反应方法、物理气相沉积（PVD）技术和熔盐工艺。重点关注开发不同结构的加工路线，如致密块状样品、陶瓷基复合材料、不同孔隙率的泡沫、PVD 和热喷涂技术涂层，以及通过注浆、注塑和增材制造实现近净成型。描述了众所周知的和新颖的潜在应用，例如高温应用的结构材料、燃气轮机的保护涂层和粘合涂层、核电站的耐事故燃料包壳、聚光太阳能发电系统中的太阳能接收器、电触点、催化剂和连接材料。最后，列出了影响较大的调查和未来的挑战，以促进 MAX 相向市场转移。
MAX phases are a large family of materials with more than 150 different compositions that have been extensively investigated during the last 25 years. They present a layered structure and a unique combination of properties, bridging the gap between metallic and ceramic properties. However, despite their excellent response of some compositions at high temperature-excellent oxidation resistance up to 1400 degrees C under corrosive environment, good damage and radiation tolerance, thermal shock resistance, and self-crack healing-their transfer to applications has been limited by three main factors: i) complexity of this large family of materials, ii) unavailability of highly pure commercial powders, and iii) extensive time to license products in strategic fields such as nuclear or aviation. In this article, the main properties and synthesis routes are reviewed, including solid state reaction methods, physical vapor deposition (PVD) techniques and molten salt processes. Emphasis is given to processing routes for developing different structures such as dense bulk samples, ceramic matrix composites, foams with different porosity, coatings by PVD and thermal spray technologies, and near net shaping by slip casting, injection molding, and additive manufacturing. Well-known and novel potential applications are described such as structural materials for high temperature applications, protective coatings and bond-coats for gas turbines, accident tolerant fuel cladding in nuclear power plants, solar receiver in concentrated solar power systems, electrical contacts, catalyst, and joining material. Finally, high impact investigations and future challenges are listed in order to facilitate the transfer of MAX phases to the market.