Race Differences in Characteristics and Experiences of Black and White Caregivers of Older Americans
Race Differences in Characteristics and Experiences of Black and White Caregivers of Older Americans
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DOI：
10.1093/geront/gnaa042
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发表时间：
2020-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Kasper, Judith D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fabius, Chanee D.;Wolff, Jennifer L.;Kasper, Judith D.
背景和目标：老年人在健康和社会经济特征方面的种族差异对其家庭和无偿照顾者的经历有影响，但迄今为止的知识主要来自便利样本。使用以人口为基础的样本，我们研究照顾者种族和adverving相关effects.Research Design and Methods之间的关联：研究参与者包括白色（n = 992）和黑色（n = 556）的受访者2015年全国护理研究谁协助社区居住的老年人残疾人参加了全国健康和老龄化趋势研究。在Pearlin的压力过程模型的指导下，构建了分层逻辑回归模型，以检查在调整了压力环境，压力源和资源后，压力相关效应的种族差异。相对于白色照顾者，黑人每周提供的护理时间往往超过40小时（54.3%对38.6%），更经常照顾老年痴呆症患者（27.1%对20.7%），他们生活在联邦贫困线以下（31.7%对11.9%）或符合医疗补助条件（42.2%对11.8%）。黑人照顾者更经常使用支持性服务（32.9%对24.8%）。在完全调整的回归模型中，黑人照顾者比白人更有可能报告收益，而不太可能报告情绪困难。服务利用率并没有减弱与情感障碍或参与限制，无论race.Discussion和影响：调查结果突出了adverving的差异和违反直觉的经验差异，并表明确定支持，如带薪家庭假和信仰和社区为基础的方案，以更好地支持社区居住的低收入老年人和他们的家庭和无偿照顾的重要性。
Background and Objectives: Racial disparities in health and socioeconomic characteristics of older adults have implications for the experiences of their family and unpaid caregivers, but knowledge to date has primarily drawn from convenience samples. Using a population-based sample, we examine associations between caregiver race and caregiving-related effects.Research Design and Methods: Study participants include white (n = 992) and black (n = 556) respondents to the 2015 National Study of Caregiving who assisted community-dwelling older adults with disabilities who participated in the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Guided by Pearlin's Stress Process Model, hierarchical logistic regression models were constructed to examine race differences in caregiving-related effects after adjusting for caregiving context, stressors, and resources.Results: Relative to white caregivers, blacks more often provided in excess of 40 hr of care per week (54.3% vs 38.6%) and more often cared for an older adult with dementia (27.1% vs 20.7%) who was living below the federal poverty line (31.7% vs 11.9%) or was Medicaid-eligible (42.2% vs 11.8%). Black caregivers more often used supportive services (32.9% vs 24.8%). In fully adjusted regression models, black caregivers were more likely to report gains and less likely to report emotional difficulty than whites. Service utilization did not attenuate caregiving-related emotional difficulty or participation restrictions, regardless of race.Discussion and Implications: Findings highlight caregiving disparities and counterintuitive differences in experiences and indicate the importance of identifying supports such as paid family leave and faith and community-based programming to better support community-dwelling low-income older adults and their family and unpaid caregivers.