Simulating the influence of integrated crop-livestock systems on water yield at watershed scale.
Simulating the influence of integrated crop-livestock systems on water yield at watershed scale.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.068
复制
发表时间：
2019-06
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Juan D. Pérez-Gutiérrez;Sandeep Kumar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Juan D. Pérez-Gutiérrez;Sandeep Kumar
作为对环境有利的传统作物农业和畜牧业生产替代品，作物-畜牧业综合系统正在得到推广。关于流域对ICL系统实施的水文反应的评价研究很少，如果有的话。因此，我们应用水土评估工具（SWAT）模型，利用一个以农业为主的大型流域，模拟ICL系统对水量及其水文成分的潜在影响。在本研究中，放牧作业与种植系统的整合代表了三种典型轮作下的牛放牧：(i)连续玉米（Zea maysL.； 1年轮作），（ii）传统（玉米-大豆[Glycinemax (L.)]）。稳定);2年轮作)和（iii）冬季覆盖作物（玉米-大豆-燕麦）。/冬大麦（Hordeum vulgareL.）；3年旋转)。模拟结果显示，在长期模拟（31年）中，当在轮作期间安排放牧玉米渣或冬大麦时，产水量显著减少。与不放牧相比，玉米-大豆轮作（以玉米为草料）减少了14.7%，玉米连续轮作减少了12.5%，玉米-大豆-燕麦/冬大麦轮作（以玉米为草料）减少了6.4%，玉米-大豆-燕麦/冬大麦轮作（以冬大麦为草料）减少了3%。在构成水量的三个组成部分（即地表径流、侧流和地下水）中，当将放牧纳入耕作系统时，只有地表径流减少。相反，当在流域部署ICL系统时，横向流量和地下水流量增加。地下水流量是对河流流量影响最大的水文分量。这些结果表明，ICL系统对土壤水分储存和转运过程具有积极影响。ICL系统的径流减少效益可能有助于改善接收水体的环境质量和降低潜在的洪水风险。从长期来看，这些系统可以通过增加基流使流域的水文循环受益。总的来说，这项研究表明ICL系统的新的流域尺度效益具有重要的水文意义，可能对农业流域规划者感兴趣。
Integrated crop-livestock (ICL) systems are being promoted as environmentally favorable alternatives to traditional crop agriculture and livestock production. There are few, if any, evaluation studies of the hydrologic response of watersheds to the implementation of ICL systems. Thus, we applied the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model to simulate the potential impacts of ICL systems on water yield and its hydrological components using a large agricultural dominated watershed. In this study, the integration of grazing operations with cropping systems represented cattle grazing under three typical crop rotations: (i) continuous corn (Zea maysL.; 1-year rotation), (ii) conventional (corn-soybean [Glycinemax (L.) Merr.]; 2-year rotation), and (iii) winter cover crops (corn-soybean-oats (Avena sativaL.)/winter barley (Hordeum vulgareL.); 3-year rotation). Modeling results showed a significant reduction in water yield over a long-term period simulation (31 years) when grazing of corn residue or winter barley was scheduled within the rotations. When compared to scenarios without grazing operations, the reduction in water yield was 14.7% under corn-soybean rotation (corn as the forage grazed), 12.5% under continuous corn rotation, 6.4% under corn-soybean-oats/winter barley rotation (corn as the forage grazed), and 3% under corn-soybean-oats/winter barley rotation (winter barley as the forage grazed). Of the three components that constitute water yield (i.e., surface runoff, lateral and groundwater flow), only surface runoff was reduced when integrating grazing into the cropping system. Instead, lateral and groundwater flows increased when ICL systems were scheduled in the watershed. Groundwater flow was the hydrological component with the highest relative impact on streamflow. These results indicate that ICL systems can positively affect processes involved in soil water storage and transit. Runoff reduction benefits of ICL systems might be helpful in improving the environmental quality of receiving waterbodies and in reducing flood-risk potential. These systems over the long-term could benefit the watershed's hydrological cycle through increased baseflow. Overall, this study suggests new watershed-scale benefits of ICL systems with important hydrological implications that might be of interest for agricultural watershed planners.