Mechanisms of urodele limb regeneration.
Mechanisms of urodele limb regeneration.
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DOI：
10.1002/reg2.92
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发表时间：
2017-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stocum DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Stocum DL
这篇综述探讨了历史和现状，我们的知识关于尾神经肢体再生。讨论的主题是：(1)肢体组织的蛋白水解组织分解，释放驻留的干细胞和单核细胞，这些细胞经历去分化、细胞周期进入和在顶端表皮帽下积累。(2)囊胚细胞的起源、表型记忆和位置记忆。(3)巨噬细胞在再生早期事件中的作用。(4)神经因子和AEC因子在胚母细胞有丝分裂和远端分化中的作用及胚母细胞间的相互作用。(5)基于轴向逆转实验、半肢和双半肢再生实验以及维甲酸改变胚母细胞位置特性实验结果的图案形成模型。(6)正常再生和间质再生过程中远端化的可能机制。(7)图案的形成是胚芽的自组织特性，还是由邻近组织的化学信号决定的？(8)人类肢体再生的未来是什么？
This review explores the historical and current state of our knowledge about urodele limb regeneration. Topics discussed are (1) blastema formation by the proteolytic histolysis of limb tissues to release resident stem cells and mononucleate cells that undergo dedifferentiation, cell cycle entry and accumulation under the apical epidermal cap. (2) The origin, phenotypic memory, and positional memory of blastema cells. (3) The role played by macrophages in the early events of regeneration. (4) The role of neural and AEC factors and interaction between blastema cells in mitosis and distalization. (5) Models of pattern formation based on the results of axial reversal experiments, experiments on the regeneration of half and double half limbs, and experiments using retinoic acid to alter positional identity of blastema cells. (6) Possible mechanisms of distalization during normal and intercalary regeneration. (7) Is pattern formation is a self‐organizing property of the blastema or dictated by chemical signals from adjacent tissues? (8) What is the future for regenerating a human limb?