Sport, war and commemoration: football and remembrance in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries

Sport, war and commemoration: football and remembrance in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries
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体育、战争与纪念:二十世纪和二十一世纪的足球与纪念

DOI:
10.1080/16138171.2016.1226027
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发表时间:
2016
影响因子:
2.4
通讯作者:
King A
King A
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
King A

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至少从奥运会开始,体育、仪式、集体暴力和战争之间的密切联系就得到了广泛认可。本文以这一立场为出发点,考察了近百年来体育、战争和纪念之间关系的变化。本文通过对约翰·辛格·萨金特的《气场》和阿拉贝拉·多尔曼的《肩并肩》的符号学分析,探讨了足球在第一次世界大战和最近的阿富汗冲突中的表现。这一分析表明,在最近的伊拉克和阿富汗战争中,由于缺乏明确的战略目标,体育曾经被用来赋予那些在战争中牺牲的士兵民族主义和政治意义,而足球则被用来赋予死亡以普遍意义。士兵不再为国家事业而死,而是为团结和平等的普遍人类价值而死。
The close association between sport, ritual, collective violence and war has been widely recognized, at least since the Olympic Games. Taking this position as a starting point, this paper considers the changing relationship between sport, war and commemoration over the last one hundred years. The paper explores the representation of football in the First World War and in the recent conflict in Afghanistan, through a semiotic analysis of John Singer Sargent’sGassedand Arabella Dorman’sShoulder to Shoulder. This analysis shows that where sport was once used to ascribe a nationalistic and political meaning to those soldiers sacrificed in war, in the absence of any clear strategic goals in recent wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, football has been employed to imbue death with universal meanings. Soldiers no longer die for a national cause, but for universal human values of solidarity and equality.
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