Predicting changes in aquatic toxicity of chemicals resulting from solvent or dispersant use as vehicle
Predicting changes in aquatic toxicity of chemicals resulting from solvent or dispersant use as vehicle
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预测因使用溶剂或分散剂作为载体而产生的化学品水生毒性的变化
DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.03.030
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Jun Sawai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mikio Kikuchi;Masamitsu Nakagawa;Suguru Tone;Hotaka Saito;Tatsuhiro Niino;Natsumi Nagasawa;Jun Sawai
根据OECD化学品试验指南（第202号），研究了两种溶剂（N，N-二甲基甲酰胺[DMF]作为溶剂，聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油[HCO-40]作为分散剂）对八种对大型蚤具有非特异性作用模式的疏水性化学品急性毒性的影响。将8种化合物中的5种以10 mg/L或1.0 mg/L的浓度溶于水中，加入DMF或HCO-40，48-h的EC_（50）值增加。然后，将作为生物膜模型的硅树脂膜浸渍在各溶液中，监测水中各化学品的浓度，直到各测试物质达到平衡，之后确定各化学品的吸附量。对戊基苯酚和logPow（1-辛醇/水分配系数）值大于3.4的其他四种物质吸附到有机硅薄膜上的量随着HCO-40浓度的增加而减少。然而，3-氯-4-氟硝基苯和另外两种logPowvalues小于2.6的物质的吸附没有随着HCO-40浓度的增加或DMF的加入而改变。这些结果表明，本研究中开发的方法能够预测向试验系统中添加溶媒所导致的毒性变化。
The influence of two vehicles (N,N-dimethylformamide [DMF] as solvent and polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil [HCO-40] as a dispersant) on the acute toxicity of eight hydrophobic chemicals with a non-specific mode of action toDaphnia magnawas investigated according to the OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, No. 202. An increased 48-h EC50value forD. magnaor reduced toxicity resulting from the addition of HCO-40 to the test medium was observed for five of the eight chemicals examined.Each of eight chemicals was dissolved in water at a concentration of either 10 mg/L or 1.0 mg/L, with or without DMF or HCO-40. Silicone film as a model of a biological membrane was then immersed in each solution, and the concentration of each chemical in the water was monitored until equilibrium was reached for each test substance, after which the adsorbed amount of each chemical was determined. The amounts ofp-pentylphenol and four other substances with logPow(1-octanol/water partition coefficient) values greater than 3.4 adsorbed onto the silicone film decreased with increasing concentrations of HCO-40. However, 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene and two other substances with logPowvalues less than 2.6 demonstrated no changes in adsorption with either increasing HCO-40 concentration or the addition of DMF.The reduced adsorption in the presence of a vehicle on the silicone film correlated closely with changes in toxicity. These results indicate that the methodology developed in this study enables the prediction of changes in toxicity resulting from the addition of vehicles to a test system.