Direct Comparisons: Resurrecting the Direct Analysis of Phrasal Comparatives
Direct Comparisons: Resurrecting the Direct Analysis of Phrasal Comparatives
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DOI：
10.3765/salt.v17i0.2958
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发表时间：
2007-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Bhatt;Shoichi Takahashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Bhatt;Shoichi Takahashi
短语比较句的分析主要有两种：将than短语与表示从句的程度描述联系起来的归约分析和直接解释than短语的直接分析。归约分析假设than短语是一个更大的小句成分的一部分，对其进行了归约操作。另一方面，直接分析需要为度运算符假设一个新的词汇条目。基于约束力和范围的证据，我们表明，减少分析是不是一个选项，在印地语-乌尔都语短语比较。正确分析比较级需要直接分析法和与之配套的三位度运算符。处理印地语乌尔都语中的其他比较级需要更标准的二位度运算符。然而，正如Lechner（2001，2004）所指出的，英语和德语的短语比较级需要一个还原分析。这意味着归约和直接分析，以及2位和3位度运算符都是泛语法允许的选项，但语言在实例化这些选项中的哪一个方面有所不同。我们表明，在一个特定的语言中，这些选项的可用性如下从独立的属性的语言的问题和假设时，新的词条诱导。
There have been two major strands in the analysis of phrasal comparatives: Reduction Analyses that relate the than-phrase to a degree description denoting clause and Direct Analyses that interpret the than-phrase directly. Reduction Analyses assume that the than-phrase is part of a larger clausal constituent to which reduction operations have applied. Direct Analyses, on the other hand, need to assume a new lexical entry for the degree operator. Based on evidence from binding and scope, we show that the Reduction Analysis is not an option for phrasal comparative in Hindi-Urdu. Their proper analysis requires the Direct Analysis and the 3-place degree operator that goes with it. Handling other comparatives in HindiUrdu requires the more standard 2-place degree operator. However, as Lechner (2001, 2004) has shown, English and German phrasal comparatives require a Reduction Analysis. This means that both Reduction and Direct Analyses, as well as 2-place and 3-place degree operators are options permitted by universal grammar but that languages vary in which of these options they instantiate. We show that the availability of these options in a particular language follows from independent properties of the language in question and assumptions about when new lexical entries are induced.