In Vivo Measurements of Glutamate, GABA, and NAAG in Schizophrenia
In Vivo Measurements of Glutamate, GABA, and NAAG in Schizophrenia
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DOI：
10.1093/schbul/sbs092
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Barker, Peter B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rowland, Laura M.;Kontson, Kimberly;Barker, Peter B.
主要的兴奋性和抑制性神经递质，谷氨酸（Glu）和γ-氨基丁酸（GABA），分别涉及精神分裂症的病理生理。N-乙酰基-乙酰基-谷氨酸（NAAG），一种调节Glu系统的神经肽，也可能在精神分裂症中发生改变。本研究调查了年轻和老年精神分裂症患者的GABA、Glu谷氨酰胺（Glx）和NAAG水平。41名受试者，21名慢性精神分裂症患者和20名健康对照者参加了这项研究。质子磁共振波谱（H-1-MRS）用于测量前扣带回（AC）和半卵圆中心（CSO）区域的GABA、Glx和NAAG水平。与年轻对照组相比，年轻精神分裂症受试者的CSO中NAAG更高。在老年组中观察到相反的模式。无论年龄组和脑区，精神分裂症组的Glx均降低。与老年对照组相比，老年精神分裂症受试者的AC GABA有减少的趋势。在两组中，注意力表现不佳与AC GABA水平较低相关。较高水平的CSO NAAG与精神分裂症阴性症状严重程度相关。这些结果提供了支持改变谷氨酸能和GABA能功能与病程和认知和阴性症状的精神分裂症。该研究还强调了结合联合收割机测量NAAG、GABA和Glu的研究对于更全面地表征精神分裂症的神经化学特征的重要性。
The major excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, glutamate (Glu) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), respectively, are implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAAG), a neuropeptide that modulates the Glu system, may also be altered in schizophrenia. This study investigated GABA, Glu glutamine (Glx), and NAAG levels in younger and older subjects with schizophrenia. Forty-one subjects, 21 with chronic schizophrenia and 20 healthy controls, participated in this study. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-1-MRS) was used to measure GABA, Glx, and NAAG levels in the anterior cingulate (AC) and centrum semiovale (CSO) regions. NAAG in the CSO was higher in younger schizophrenia subjects compared with younger control subjects. The opposite pattern was observed in the older groups. Glx was reduced in the schizophrenia group irrespective of age group and brain region. There was a trend for reduced AC GABA in older schizophrenia subjects compared with older control subjects. Poor attention performance was correlated to lower AC GABA levels in both groups. Higher levels of CSO NAAG were associated with greater negative symptom severity in schizophrenia. These results provide support for altered glutamatergic and GABAergic function associated with illness course and cognitive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. The study also highlights the importance of studies that combine MRS measurements of NAAG, GABA, and Glu for a more comprehensive neurochemical characterization of schizophrenia.