Prenatal hormone exposure and risk for eating disorders
Prenatal hormone exposure and risk for eating disorders
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DOI：
10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2007.47
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Klump, Kelly L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Culbert, Kristen M.;Breedlove, Marc;Klump, Kelly L.
内容：虽然饮食失调患病率的性别差异通常归因于心理社会因素，但生物因素也可能发挥作用。产前睾酮暴露是一个很有前途的候选人，因为它在动物和人类的行为，通过其永久性的影响中枢nervous system.Objective：检查是否在子宫内睾酮暴露有男性化的影响饮食失调（DE）通过比较异性（OS）和同性（SS）双胞胎。双胞胎类型（SS与OS）被认为是产前激素暴露的替代指标，因为OS对的女性在子宫内暴露于比SS对的女性更多的睾酮。根据预期的产前睾酮暴露，预测DE平均水平的线性趋势，SS女性双胞胎表现出最高水平的DE，其次是OS女性双胞胎，OS男性双胞胎和SS男性双胞胎。设计：OS与SS双胞胎的双胞胎研究比较。设置：密歇根州立大学双胞胎登记处。参与者：参与者包括304名SS女性双胞胎，59名OS女性双胞胎，54名OS男性双胞胎和165名SS男性双胞胎。主要结果测量：通过明尼苏达州饮食行为调查评估DE的总体水平。假设，DE表现出显着的线性趋势，SS女性双胞胎表现出最高水平的DE其次是OS女性双胞胎，OS男性双胞胎，SS男性双胞胎。这种线性趋势不能用焦虑水平或社会化效应来解释。事实上，OS女性双胞胎表现出较低水平的DE相比，一个独立的样本的本科女性（n= 69）谁提出了1个或多个brothers.Conclusions：DE在OS女性双胞胎的男性化是不太可能是由于单独的社会化效应。生物因素，如产前睾酮暴露导致中枢神经系统男性化，也可能导致DE患病率的性别差异。
Context: Although the sex difference in eating disorder prevalence has typically been attributed to psychosocial factors, biological factors may also play a role. Prenatal testosterone exposure is a promising candidate, since it masculinizes behavior in animals and humans via its permanent effects on the central nervous system.Objective: To examine whether in utero testosterone exposure has masculinizing effects on disordered eating ( DE) by comparing opposite-sex ( OS) and same-sex ( SS) twins. Twin type ( SS vs OS) is considered a proxy measure of prenatal hormone exposure, since females from OS pairs are exposed to more testosterone in utero than females from SS pairs. A linear trend in mean levels of DE was predicted based on expected prenatal testosterone exposure, with SS female twins exhibiting the highest levels of DE followed by OS female twins, OS male twins, and SS male twins.Design: A twin study comparison of OS vs SS twins.Setting: Michigan State University Twin Registry.Participants: Participants included 304 SS female twins, 59 OS female twins, 54 OS male twins, and 165 SS male twins.Main Outcome Measure: Overall levels of DE were assessed with the Minnesota Eating Behavior Survey.Results: Confirming hypotheses, DE exhibited significant linear trends, with SS female twins exhibiting the highest levels of DE followed by OS female twins, OS male twins, and SS male twins. This linear trend could not be accounted for by levels of anxiety or socialization effects. Indeed, OS female twins exhibited lower levels of DE compared with an independent sample of undergraduate women ( n= 69) who were raised with 1 or more brothers.Conclusions: The masculinization of DE in OS female twins is unlikely to be due to socialization effects alone. Biological factors, such as the masculinization of the central nervous system by prenatal testosterone exposure, may also contribute to sex differences in DE prevalence.