Vision and driving: Selective effect of optical blur on different driving tasks
Vision and driving: Selective effect of optical blur on different driving tasks
复制标题
DOI：
10.1518/001872098779480415
复制
发表时间：
1998-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Tait, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Higgins, KE;Wood, J;Tait, A
静态（高对比度）视敏度测试是世界范围内用于筛选驾驶执照申请人的最普遍的视力测试，尽管研究在很大程度上未能提供令人信服的经验证据来证明其在交通事故中的作用。本研究的目的是评估视力下降对驾驶任务不同组成部分的影响。参与者是24名视力正常的年轻驾驶员（15名男性，9名女性）。驾驶性能进行了测量，而参与者戴着修改后的游泳者的护目镜，模糊镜片固定在必要的量，以产生双眼视力水平为20/20，20/40（驾驶的流行敏锐度标准），20/100，和20/200。驾驶性能是使用Wood和Troutbeck（1994）的封闭道路方法测量的。敏锐度下降产生了显着的递减，在道路标志识别和道路危险的避免，以及显着的增量，总驾驶时间。参与者的能力，以估计是否对交通锥之间的间隙足够宽，以允许安全通过的车辆和障碍通过一系列的交通锥相对不受视力下降。因此，后者的任务似乎是由中央和周边视觉方面，是相对不受光学模糊介导的。这种类型的研究的潜在应用包括开发的程序定义经验合理的视力标准的驾驶执照。
A test of static (high-contrast) visual acuity is the most prevalent vision test used to screen driver license applicants worldwide, even though research has largely failed to provide convincing empirical evidence for its role in traffic accidents. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of visual acuity degradation on different components of the driving task. Participants were 24 young licensed drivers (15 men, 9 women) with normal vision. Driving performance was measured while participants wore modified swimmer's goggles to which blurring lenses were affixed in amounts necessary to produce binocular visual acuity levels of 20/20, 20/40 (the prevalent acuity standard for driving), 20/100, and 20/200. Driving performance was measured using the closed-road method of Wood and Troutbeck (1994). Acuity degradation produced significant decrements in road sign recognition and road hazard avoidance as well as significant increments in total driving time. Participants' abilities to estimate whether clearances between pairs of traffic cones were sufficiently wide to permit safe passage of the vehicle and to slalom through a series of traffic cones were relatively unaffected by acuity degradation. Thus the latter tasks appear to be mediated by aspects of central and peripheral vision that are relatively unaffected by optical blur. Potential applications of this type of research include the development of procedures for defining empirically justifiable vision standards for driver licensure.