Effects of aerobic training, resistance training, or both on cardiorespiratory and musculoskeletal fitness in adolescents with obesity: the HEARTY trial
Effects of aerobic training, resistance training, or both on cardiorespiratory and musculoskeletal fitness in adolescents with obesity: the HEARTY trial
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DOI：
10.1139/apnm-2015-0413
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发表时间：
2016-03-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Kenny, Glen P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alberga, Angela S.;Prud'homme, Denis;Kenny, Glen P.
本研究的目的是探讨有氧运动、抗阻运动和组合运动训练对青春期后肥胖青少年心肺和肌肉骨骼健康的影响。经过 4 周监督的中等强度运动磨合后，304 名 14-18 岁、体重指数≥ 85% 的青少年被随机分为 4 组，分别进行 22 周的有氧训练、阻力训练、组合训练或非运动对照。所有参与者均接受饮食咨询，每日最大能量缺口为 250 kcal。使用分级跑步机运动测试通过间接量热法测量心肺健康（峰值耗氧量）。肌肉骨骼健康度使用 2003 年加拿大身体活动健康和生活方式评估测试（握力、俯卧撑、部分弯举、坐姿和伸展以及垂直跳跃）进行测量。通过在卧推机、坐式划船机和腿举机上进行 8 次最大重复测试来评估肌肉力量。相对于对照组（30.6 +/- 0.5 至 30.9 +/- 0.7 mLO(2)/kg/min），有氧运动组的峰值耗氧量增加更大（30.6 +/- 0.6 至 33.4 +/- 0.7 mLO(2)/kg/min）（p = 0.002）。同样，有氧组的部分卷起次数增加（19 +/- 1 至 23 +/- 1），而对照组则没有测量到差异（19 +/- 1 至 20 +/- 1）（p = 0.015）。与对照组相比，阻力组以及与有氧组相比，联合组的肌肉力量和俯卧撑次数的增加最大（p < 0.05）。总之，有氧训练对心肺健康的影响最强，而对于肥胖青少年来说，阻力训练和组合训练分别比单独的对照训练和有氧训练更能改善肌肉力量和耐力。
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined exercise training on cardiorespiratory and musculoskeletal fitness in postpubertal adolescents with obesity. After a 4-week supervised moderate-intensity exercise run-in, 304 adolescents aged 14-18 years with body mass index >= 85th percentile were randomized to 4 groups for 22 weeks of aerobic training, resistance training, combined training, or a nonexercising control. All participants received dietary counselling with a maximum daily energy deficit of 250 kcal. Cardiorespiratory fitness (peak oxygen consumption) was measured by indirect calorimetry using a graded treadmill exercise test. Musculoskeletal fitness was measured using the 2003 Canadian Physical Activity Fitness and Lifestyle Appraisal tests (hand grip, push-ups, partial curl-ups, sit and reach, and vertical jump). Muscular strength was assessed using an 8-repetition maximum test on the bench press, seated row, and leg press machines. A greater increase in peak oxygen consumption in the aerobic exercise group (30.6 +/- 0.6 to 33.4 +/- 0.7 mLO(2)/kg/min) was measured relative to the control group (30.6 +/- 0.5 to 30.9 +/- 0.7 mLO(2)/kg/min) (p = 0.002). Similarly, the number of partial curl-ups increased in the aerobic group (19 +/- 1 to 23 +/- 1) while no differences were measured in the control group (19 +/- 1 to 20 +/- 1) (p = 0.015). Increases in muscular strength and number of push-ups were greatest in the resistance group versus the control and combined groups versus the aerobic group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, aerobic training had the strongest effect on cardiorespiratory fitness, while resistance and combined training improved both muscular strength and endurance more than control and aerobic training alone, respectively, in adolescents with obesity.