Final results of the LOPES radio interferometer for cosmic-ray air showers
Final results of the LOPES radio interferometer for cosmic-ray air showers
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LOPES 射电干涉仪宇宙射线空气簇射的最终结果
DOI：
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
L. collaboration
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Apel;J. C. Arteaga;L. Bahren;K. Bekk;M. Bertaina;P. Biermann;J. Blumer;H. Bozdog;E. Cantoni;A. Chiavassa;K. Daumiller;V. Souza;F. Pierro;P. Doll;R. Engel;H. Falcke;B. Fuchs;H. Gemmeke;C. Grupen;A. Haungs;D. Heck;J. Horandel;A. Horneffer;D. Huber;T. Huege;P. G. Isar;K. Kampert;D. Kang;O. Kromer;J. Kuijpers;K. Link;P. Luczak;M. Ludwig;H. Mathes;M. Melissas;C. Morello;S. Nehls;J. Oehlschlager;N. Palmieri;T. Pierog;J. Rautenberg;H. Rebel;M. Roth;C. Ruhle;A. Săftoiu;H. Schieler;A. Schmidt;S. Schoo;F. Schroder;O. Sima;G. Toma;G. Trinchero;A. Weindl;J. Wochele;J. Zabierowski;J. Zensus;L. collaboration
LOPES是LOFAR原型站，是2003年至2013年在卡斯卡德-格兰德实验中运行的宇宙射线空气簇射天线阵列。同时，分析工作也已完成，LOPES观测到的空气簇射事件数据已在KASCADE宇宙线数据中心（KCDC）开放获取。本文旨在提供一个总结的成就，结果和经验教训，从LOPES。通过数字干涉波束形成，在卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院（KIT）的无线电嘈杂环境中探测空气簇射成为可能。作为原型实验，LOPES测试了几种天线类型，阵列配置和校准技术，并开创了用于重建最重要的淋浴参数的分析方法，即，到达方向，能量，和质量相关的可观测量，如簇射极大值的位置。除了回顾和更新以前发表的结果，我们还提出了新的结果的基础上，包括所有已知的仪器性能的端到端的模拟。为此，我们将探测器响应应用于使用Corsika的CoREAS扩展模拟的无线电信号，并以与测量数据相同的方式对其进行分析。因此，我们能够比以前更准确地研究检测器的性能，包括一些以前无法访问的功能，如噪声对干涉互相关光束的影响。这些结果导致了几个改进，这是记录在本文中，可以提供有用的输入，为未来的宇宙射线实验的设计基础上的数字无线电探测技术。
LOPES, the LOFAR prototype station, was an antenna array for cosmic-ray air showers operating from 2003 to 2013 within the KASCADE-Grande experiment. Meanwhile, the analysis is finished and the data of air-shower events measured by LOPES are available with open access in the KASCADE Cosmic Ray Data Center (KCDC). This article intends to provide a summary of the achievements, results, and lessons learned from LOPES. By digital, interferometric beamforming the detection of air showers became possible in the radio-loud environment of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). As a prototype experiment, LOPES tested several antenna types, array configurations and calibration techniques, and pioneered analysis methods for the reconstruction of the most important shower parameters, i.e., the arrival direction, the energy, and mass-dependent observables such as the position of the shower maximum. In addition to a review and update of previously published results, we also present new results based on end-to-end simulations including all known instrumental properties. For this, we applied the detector response to radio signals simulated with the CoREAS extension of CORSIKA, and analyzed them in the same way as measured data. Thus, we were able to study the detector performance more accurately than before, including some previously inaccessible features such as the impact of noise on the interferometric cross-correlation beam. These results led to several improvements, which are documented in this paper and can provide useful input for the design of future cosmic-ray experiments based on the digital radio-detection technique.
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影响因子：
8.6
作者：
Aab, A.;Abreu, P.;Zuccarello, F.
通讯作者：
Zuccarello, F.
NuRadioReco：射电中微子探测器的重建框架
DOI：
10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-6971-5
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
The European Physical Journal C
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. Glaser
通讯作者：
C. Glaser
使用 Tunka 无线电扩展 (Tunka-Rex) 测量宇宙射线空气簇射
DOI：
10.1016/j.nima.2015.08.061
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
P. A. Bezyazeekov
通讯作者：
P. A. Bezyazeekov
影响因子：
5
作者：
P. Bezyazeekov;N. Budnev;D. Chernykh;O. Fedorov;O. Gress;A. Haungs;R. Hiller;T. Huege;Y. Kazarina;M. Kleifges;D. Kostunin;E. Korosteleva;L. Kuzmichev;V. Lenok;N. Lubsandorzhiev;T. Marshalkina;R. Mirgazov;R. Monkhoev;E. Osipova;A. Pakhorukov;L. Pankov;V. Prosin;F. Schröder;D. Shipilov;A. Zagorodnikov
通讯作者：
P. Bezyazeekov;N. Budnev;D. Chernykh;O. Fedorov;O. Gress;A. Haungs;R. Hiller;T. Huege;Y. Kazarina;M. Kleifges;D. Kostunin;E. Korosteleva;L. Kuzmichev;V. Lenok;N. Lubsandorzhiev;T. Marshalkina;R. Mirgazov;R. Monkhoev;E. Osipova;A. Pakhorukov;L. Pankov;V. Prosin;F. Schröder;D. Shipilov;A. Zagorodnikov
改进了 LOPES 测量的绝对校准及其对 REAS 3 11 和 CoREAS 模拟比较的影响
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
LOPES collaboration
通讯作者：
LOPES collaboration