The Evolutionary Genetics of the Estrildidae
The Evolutionary Genetics of the Estrildidae
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梅花梅科的进化遗传学
DOI：
10.3312/jyio1952.17.143
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发表时间：
1985
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Watada
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Kakizawa;M. Watada
通过26个位点的蛋白电泳，对梅花梅科17属42种的遗传变异和分化进行了分析。使用梅花梅科物种之间的遗传距离值，通过 UPGMA 方法构建了谱系树图。在所检查的 42 个物种中，有 26 个物种检测到了种内遗传变异。所有检查物种的平均观察杂合度低至 0.098。以遗传距离计算的遗传分化值在种级平均为0.193，在属级平均为0.397，略高于鸟类的正常值。梅花梅科可分为两个主要类群：梅花梅花亚科和花梅花梅花亚科。与目前公认的分类不同，该方法证明 Amadina 和 Lonchura pectoralis 是一个古老的单独分化的群体。埃斯特里迪亚科 (Estrildinae) 由三类组成：埃斯特里迪 (Estrildi)、埃里斯鲁里 (Erythruri) 和阿马迪尼 (Amadini)，而龙丘里亚科 (Lonchurinae) 由波菲利 (Poephili)、龙丘里 (Lonchuri) 和异种 (Heteromunii) 组成。属和种的基本分类排列与现行分类一致。在每组中，非洲埃斯特里迪 (Estrildi) 的平均种间遗传距离为 0.304，而澳大利亚 Lonchuri 的平均种间遗传距离为 0.153。这反映了前一组相对于后一组的较早的特定分化。这些结果支持了梅花梅科的假设非洲起源，后来传播到亚洲和澳大利亚。
By means of protein electrophoresis of 26 loci, genetic variation and differentiation of 42 species belonging to 17 genera in the Estrildidae were analysed. A genealogic dendrogram was constructed by the UPGMA method, using the values of the genetic distances between the species of the Estrildidae. Intra-specific genetic variation was detected in 26 out of 42 species examined. The average observed heterozygosity of all the species examined was as low as 0.098. The values of genetic differentiation calculated as genetic distance averaged 0.193 at the species level and 0.397 at the generic levels, which were somewhat higher average values than normal amongs birds. The Estrildidae could be divided into two main groups, the Estrildinae and the Lonchurinae. Unlike the current accepted classification, this method proved Amadina and Lonchura pectoralis to be an old separately differentiated group. The Estrildinae is comprised of three groups, the Estrildi, Erythruri, and Amadini, while the Lonchurinae consists of the Poephili, Lonchuri, and Heteromunii. The basic taxonomic arrangement of genera and species agreed with current classification. Within each group, the average inter-specific genetic distance was 0.304 among African Estrildi as against 0.153 for Australasian Lonchuri. This reflects the older specific differentiation of the former group relative to the latter. These results give support to the hypothetical African origin of the Estrildidae with later dispersal to Asia and Australasia.