Techno-economic optimization of food waste diversion to treatment facilities to determine cost effectiveness of policy incentives
Techno-economic optimization of food waste diversion to treatment facilities to determine cost effectiveness of policy incentives
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122634
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发表时间：
2021-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Kanwal Shahid;E. Hittinger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kanwal Shahid;E. Hittinger
纽约州最近通过了一项食物垃圾（FW）处理禁令，该禁令将禁止到2022年填埋由商业实体产生的超过2吨/周的FW。这将使370 000吨/年的FW从垃圾填埋场转移。在这项工作中，我们调查了三个问题的垃圾填埋场禁令：1）如何才能将这些废物转移到处理设施在最低的系统成本？2)在多大程度上可以扩大厌氧消化组合有助于国家的可再生能源组合标准？3)什么样的政策有助于废物转化为能源技术的过渡？我们开发了一个混合整数线性规划模型，确定最低成本的解决方案，以FW处置通过寻找最佳的位置，容量，FW摄入量，和能源发电周围的状态。结果表明，堆肥（61%）和仅限FW消化（39%）的组合是对垃圾填埋场禁令的最便宜的回应，没有补充政策，但增加政策支持（资本或生产补贴）可以将消化的电力生产增加10倍，政府成本在每吨二氧化碳减排55美元至315美元之间。
New York state recently passed a food waste (FW) disposal ban, which will prohibit landfilling of FW produced by commercial entities generating more than 2 tons/week by the year 2022. This will redirect 370,000 tons/year of FW from landfills. In this work, we investigate three questions about the landfill ban: 1) How can this waste be diverted to treatment facilities at lowest system cost? 2) To what degree can an expanded anaerobic digestion portfolio help with the state’s Renewable Portfolio Standards? 3) What policies can help with the transition of waste-to-energy technologies? We develop a mixed-integer linear programming model that identifies lowest cost solutions to FW disposal by finding the optimal locations, capacities, FW intake, and energy generation around the state. Results suggest that a mix of composting (61%) and FW-only digestion (39%) is the cheapest response to the landfill ban without complementary policies but adding policy support (capital or production subsidies) can increase electricity production from digestion by 10x at a government cost between $55 and $315 per ton of CO2abated.