Predicting verdicts using pre-trial attitudes and standard of proof
Predicting verdicts using pre-trial attitudes and standard of proof
复制标题
使用审前态度和证明标准预测判决
DOI：
10.1111/lcrp.12043
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Lundrigan S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lundrigan S
目的对陪审员审前态度和对《排除合理怀疑》(BRD)的解释进行了几种测量。这些已经在北美的样本中进行了初步测试。我们的目的是整合这两个问题的文献，并探索陪审员的审前态度对判决的影响是否通过他们对BRD的解释来中介。我们还旨在建立各种测量的相对预测性及其与非北美样本的相关性。方法共有113名符合陪审团资格的英国公众完成了审前态度的三个测量(即修订后的法律态度问卷23[RLAQ-23]、陪审员偏向量表[JBS]和审前陪审员态度问卷[PJAQ])和两个测量BRD(即直接评级[DR]和隶属函数[MF]方法)。结果除RLAQ-23外，审前态度量表和BRD的两个量表对判决有显著的独立预测作用。PJAQ优于RLAQ-23和JBS，而MF方法优于DR方法。我们发现支持预测判决的部分调解模型，在这个模型中，对BRD的解释(通过MF方法测量)部分地中介了审前陪审员态度(PJAQ测量)对判决的影响。结论这些发现强调了在研究陪审员决策时，考察陪审员对BRD的审前态度和解释的重要性。
PurposeSeveral measures have been developed of juror pre‐trial attitudes and interpretations of beyond reasonable doubt (BRD). These have been primarily tested in North American samples. We aimed to integrate the literature on these two issues, and explored whether the effect of jurors' pre‐trial attitudes on verdicts is mediated by their interpretations of BRD. We also aimed to establish the relative predictive utility of the various measures and their relevance to a non–North American sample.MethodsA total of 113 members of the jury‐eligible British public completed three measures of juror pre‐trial attitudes (i.e., Revised Legal Attitudes Questionnaire‐23 [RLAQ‐23], Juror Bias Scale [JBS], and Pre‐trial Juror Attitudes Questionnaire [PJAQ]) and two measures of BRD (i.e., direct rating [DR] and membership function [MF] methods). Participants also rendered a verdict on a hypothetical burglary case.ResultsWith the exception of the RLAQ‐23, the pre‐trial attitude measures and the two measures of BRD were significantly independent predictors of verdicts. The PJAQ outperformed the RLAQ‐23 and JBS, whereas the MF method outperformed the DR method. We found support for a partial mediation model predicting verdicts, whereby interpretations of BRD (measured by the MF method) partially mediated the effect of pre‐trial juror attitudes (measured by the PJAQ) on verdicts.ConclusionsThese findings underscore the importance of examining both juror pre‐trial attitudes and interpretations of BRD when studying juror decision making.
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定义陪审团指示中的证明标准
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
D. K. Kagehiro
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
D. Wright;K. Strubler;J. Vallano
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影响因子：
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作者：
BARON, RM;KENNY, DA
通讯作者：
KENNY, DA
影响因子：
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SANDYS, M;DILLEHAY, RC
通讯作者：
DILLEHAY, RC
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Douglas J. Narby;B. Cutler;G. Moran
通讯作者：
G. Moran