Socio-sexual factors of troop fission in wild Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata yakui) on Yakushima Island, Japan
Socio-sexual factors of troop fission in wild Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata yakui) on Yakushima Island, Japan
复制标题
日本屋久岛野生日本猴（Macaca fuscata yakui）群体分裂的社会性因素
DOI：
10.1007/bf02382011
复制
发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
J. Yamagiwa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Yamagiwa
1977 ~ 1979年在屋久岛观察到日本猕猴（Macaca fuscata yakui）的群体分裂。分裂是在繁殖季节由非部队男性谁建立了配偶关系与发情期的女性。为了分析加速分裂的社会性因素，本文对连续两次分裂前后的雄性迁徙和迁入，以及第一次分裂后1977- 1978年繁殖季节的交配频率、雄性间的竞争和两性对交配对象的偏好进行了调查。结果表明，非群居雄鸟数量多、群居雄鸟数量少和雌鸟择偶方式对非群居雄鸟与发情雌鸟配偶关系的建立有重要影响。这表明，这些因素可能会产生不同的影响，部队解体的部队规模。在小规模的群体中，大量的非群体雄性和群体雄性的短缺可能会导致它们之间的竞争更激烈，而雌性的选择受到与占主导地位的TM长期亲密关系的影响，可能会降低它们接近发情雌性的优先权。在屋久岛的自然条件下，这种情况可能会刺激小规模部队的裂变或男性移民。相反，在孤立条件下的大规模部队中，部队男性的过剩而不是短缺可能会导致部队解体，正如大多数以前的研究所表明的那样。较高的社会经济学性比可能会降低从属群体雄性的交配活动，并增加它们之间的竞争。这种情况可能会加速大规模部队的裂变，通过女性和下属或外围部队男性之间的长期互动。然而，较低的比例和雌性的选择，提高了从属部队的男性交配的机会，并可能不会促进大规模部队在隔离条件下的分裂。
The troop fissions which occurred in a wild population of Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata yakui) were observed from 1977 to 1979 on Yakushima Island. The fissions were initiated in the breeding season by non-troop males who established a consort relation with estrous females. In order to analyze the socio-sexual factors which accelerated the fissions, the male emigrations and immigrations before and after two successive fissions, and the copulation frequencies, competition among males and preferences of mating partners in both sexes in the 1977–78 breeding season after the first fission were examined. The results indicated that three factors (a large number of non-troop males, a shortage of troop males and the females' choice of mating partners) effectively influenced on the establishment of consort relationships between non-troop males and estrous females. It is suggested that these factors may exert different effects on the troop disorganization in relation to troop size. In small-sized troops, a large number of non-troop males and a shortage of troop males may lead to stronger competition between them, and the females' choice affected by prolonged intimate relations with the dominant TMs may reduce their priority of access to estrous females. This situation possibly stimulates fission or male emigration in small-sized troops under the natural conditions on Yakushima Island. In contrast, in large-sized troops under isolated conditions, a surplus rather than a shortage of troop males may contribute to troop disorganization, as most former studies have suggested. A higher socionomic sex ratio may decrease the mating activities of subordinate troop males and increase the competition among them. This situation possibly accelerates the fission of large-sized troops through prolonged interactions between females and subordinate or peripheral troop males. A lower ratio and the females' choice, however, raise the mating chances of subordinate troop males and may not promote the fission of large-sized troops under isolated conditions.