Description and primary results from an audiometric study of male twins
Description and primary results from an audiometric study of male twins
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DOI：
10.1097/00003446-199704000-00003
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发表时间：
1997-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Svartengren, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karlsson, KK;Harris, JR;Svartengren, M
目的：本研究的目的是通过对一对男性双胞胎样本进行听力测试，得出描述性结果，并将其与标准数据库进行比较，并探讨遗传和环境因素对听力变化的影响是否存在年龄差异。设计:通过基于人群的瑞典双胞胎注册中心，收集了男性双胞胎的子样本的听力测量和问卷调查数据，共完成了557对完整双胞胎的听力检查，其中包括250对同卵（MZ）和307对异卵（DZ），年龄在36至80岁之间。通过计算两耳在3000时获得的听力阈值的平均值，构建了一个测量高音范围听力的量表。4000、6000和8000hz用于空气传导。结果：为了评估双值是否代表一般听力功能，将听力阈值与两个标准数据库的值进行比较。结果表明，这些双胞胎数据提供了一个有效的代表听力功能的瑞典男性人口的横截面，年龄在35岁及以上。听力平均值随着年龄的增长而下降，变异增加。使用类内相关性估计四个年龄组的双胞胎相似性，MZ对从0.716下降到0.516，DZ对从0.131增加到0.279。这些结果表明，高范围听力的变化是由遗传和环境因素造成的，环境影响随着年龄的增长而变得更加重要。结论：这些数据反映了典型的与年龄相关的听力能力衰退，并伴随着听力功能随着年龄的增长而存在较大的个体差异。在所有年龄段，遗传和环境影响是听力变化的重要来源。然而，初步分析表明，环境的相对影响随着年龄的增长而增加。这些环境影响属于非共享类型，与共享的家庭环境无关，而是由独特的暴露来解释。
Objective: The purpose of this study is to present descriptive results from an audiometric examination of a male twin sample, compare the values with normative databases, and explore whether there are age differences in genetic and environmental contributions to variation in hearing.Design: Audiometric and questionnaire data were collected on a subsample of male twins who were identified through the population-based Swedish Twin Registry, Hearing examinations were completed for a total of 557 intact pairs, comprised of 250 identical (monozygotic [MZ]) pairs and 307 fraternal (dizygotic [DZ]) pairs aged 36 to 80 yr. A scale measuring hearing in the high-tone ranges was constructed by calculating the mean for the hearing threshold values obtained for both ears combined at 3000, 4000, 6000, and 8000 Hz for air conduction.Results: To assess whether the twin values are representative of general hearing function, the hearing thresholds were compared with values from two normative databases. Results suggest that these twin data provide a valid representation of hearing function in a cross-section of the Swedish male population, aged 35 and older. The mean values for hearing ability decreased across age, and variation increased. Twin similarity, estimated across four age groups using intraclass correlations, decreased from 0.716 to 0.516 for the MZ pairs and increased from 0.131 to 0.279 for the DZ pairs. These results suggest that variation in hearing ability in the high ranges is due to genetic and environmental factors and that environmental effects become more important with age.Conclusions: These data reflect typical age-related deterioration in hearing ability accompanied by greater individual differences in hearing function with age. Across all ages, genetic and environmental effects are important sources of variation in hearing. However, preliminary analyses suggest that the relative influence of environment increases with age. These environmental effects are of the nonshared type that are not associated with shared family environments but rather are explained by unique exposures.