VARIATION AND INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN ETHIOPIAN TETRAPLOID WHEAT LANDRACES
VARIATION AND INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN ETHIOPIAN TETRAPLOID WHEAT LANDRACES
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00040407
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发表时间：
1993-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
MERKER, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BELAY, G;TESEMMA, T;MERKER, A
60个四倍体小麦（Triticum turgidum L.）在Akaki试验站评价了从埃塞俄比亚中部高地收集的地方品种和一个商业对照品种（Boohai）的谷物产量和11个其它组分性状。目的是估计表型（PCV）和遗传（GCV）的变异系数，广义遗传力（H）和遗传进度（GA），并确定各种性状之间的相互关系。所有考虑的性状的基因型之间的差异是非常显着的。与渤海相比，地方品种抽穗期和成熟期晚，灌浆期短，结实率低，千粒重低。在分蘖数、生物学产量和单株产量上均上级渤海。对TN、GYP、穗粒数（-1）（NKS）、收获指数（HI）和TKW观察到GCV、H和GA（作为平均值的%）的中间到高阶估计组合。GYP表现出中等遗传力，高于GFP、BY和株高。DTH和DTM呈极显著正相关，但与除PHt外的其他性状均呈负相关。DTM与GYP的负相关主要是通过其他性状间接实现的。PHt与其他性状的相关性较弱或呈负相关。TN和TKW与GYP呈显著正相关，分别具有较高和中等的直接效应。然而，这两个性状呈负相关，并通过彼此表现出实质性的反平衡效应。看来，在短期内，埃塞俄比亚小麦地方品种的改进可能通过间接选择TN和TKW或直接选择籽粒产量本身。从长远来看，可能有必要实施本地种质和引进种质之间的杂交方案。
Sixty tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) landrace agrotypes collected from the central highlands of Ethiopia and one commercial check cultivar (Boohai) were evaluated at Akaki experimental station for grain yield and 11 other component traits. The objectives were to estimate phenotypic (PCV) and genetic (GCV) coefficients of variation, broad-sense heritability (H) and genetic advance (GA), and to determine the interrelationships among the various traits. Genotypic differences among the agrotypes were highly significant for all the traits considered. Compared to Boohai, the landrace agrotypes were later in days-to-heading (DTH) and maturity (DTM), and had shorter grain filling period (GFP), lower fertility (KS) and lower 1000-kernel weight (TKW). By contrast, they were superior to Boohai in tiller number (TN), biological yield (BY) and grain yield plant(-1) (GYP). Intermediate to high order estimate combinations of GCV, H and GA (as % of the mean) were observed for TN, GYP, number of kernels spike(-1) (NKS), harvest index (HI) and TKW. GYP showed a moderate heritability which was higher than GFP, BY and Plant height (PHt). DTH and DTM were strongly correlated, but both were negatively associated with the rest of the traits except PHt. The negative correlation of DTM with GYP was largely indirect via other characters. PHt had either a weak or negative association with the other traits. TN and TKW were positively correlated with GYP, and had high and intermediate direct effects, respectively. These two traits, however, were negatively correlated and showed a substantial counter-balance effect via one another. It appears that, for the short-term, improvement of the Ethiopian wheat landraces may be possible through indirect selection for TN and TKW or direct selection for grain yield per se. In the long-run, crossing programmes between indigenous and introduced germplasm may be necessary.