Patterns and Environmental Determinants of Medicinal Plant : Vascular Plant Ratios in Xinjiang, Northwest China.
Patterns and Environmental Determinants of Medicinal Plant : Vascular Plant Ratios in Xinjiang, Northwest China.
复制标题
药用植物的模式和环境决定因素：中国西北新疆维管植物的比例
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0158405
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Terwei A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li L;Zhang B;Xiao P;Qi Y;Zhang Z;Liu H;Li X;Wang G;Terwei A
在充分收集新疆地区原生维管植物分布和中药材(CMM)、维吾尔药材(UM)和哈萨克药材(KM)来源植物名录的基础上，定义药用植物：维管植物比(以下简称药用植物比)为药用植物丰富度除以维管植物丰富度的值。我们的目的是找出这些比例在不同的环境中是恒定的还是变化的，哪些环境变量决定了药用植物的比例，以及这些比例更多地受到人类环境还是自然环境的影响。最后，对药用植物保护提出了建议。研究发现：(1)药用植物比率不是恒定的，在荒漠覆盖较大的塔里木盆地药用植物比率较高，而在总体物种丰富度较高的天山山区，药用植物比率相对较低；(2)人类活动对药用植物比率影响不大，但与植物物种丰富度和气候高度相关，即比率随植物物种丰富度和MAP的降低而降低，与MAT呈二次曲线相关；(3)CMM比率和UM比率受植物丰富度的影响大于气候，而KM比率受气候的影响较大。我们的结论是，药用植物的百分比不受距离人类住区的影响，而是由物种丰富度或气候决定的。我们建议：(1)总体上，药用植物比率可以作为药用植物保护规划的补充指标；(2)对于新疆地区，不仅要考虑高度多样性地区，而且要考虑一些极端环境，以更好地保护药用植物。
With both a full collection of native vascular plant distributions and a full checklist of source plants of the Chinese Materia Medica (CMM), the Uygur Medicine (UM), and the Kazak Medicine (KM) for the Xinjiang region, we defined medicinal plant: vascular plant ratios (simplified as medicinal plant ratios hereafter) as the value of medicinal plant richness divided by vascular plant richness. We aimed to find whether the ratios are constant or change in different environments, which environmental variables determine medicinal plant ratios, and whether the ratios are more influenced by human or by natural environments. Finally, suggestions for medicinal plant conservation were addressed. We found that (1) medicinal plant ratios were not constant, and they were high in the Tarim Basin which was largely covered by desert, while they were relatively low in mountainous areas, especially in the Tianshan Mountains where the general species richness was high; (2) medicinal plant ratios were not significantly influenced by human activities, indicated by human population density distributions, but they were highly correlated with plant species richness and climate, i.e. ratios decreased with plant species richness and MAP, and were related quadratically with MAT; (3) CMM ratio and UM ratio were more influenced by plant richness than by climate, while KM ratio was more influenced by climate. We concluded that the percentages of plants used as medicines were not influenced by distances from human settlements, but were determined by species richness or climate. We suggest that (1), in general, the medicinal plant ratio could be a complementary indicator for medicinal plant conservation planning and (2), for the region of Xinjiang, not only high diversity areas, but also some extreme environments should be considered as compensation for a better protection of medicinal plants.