Genetic Engineering as a Social Problem
Genetic Engineering as a Social Problem
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基因工程作为一个社会问题
DOI：
10.1002/9781405165518.wbeosg032.pub2
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Tomiko Yamaguchi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Machida Natsuki;Murakami Michio;Takebayashi Yoshitake;Kumagai Atsushi;Yamaguchi Tomiko;Tomiko Yamaguchi
基因工程方面的科学和技术进步迅速而广泛，因此通过其对社会和经济关系的变革性影响以及创造赢家和输家而产生重大的社会影响。在此背景下，本文着眼于社会学如何处理基因工程在农业和食品中的应用。本条目回顾了围绕遗传工程作为一个社会问题的不同调查领域的文献，包括乌托邦和反乌托邦的愿景，遗传工程商业用途的政治经济学方法，科学技术研究中专家和公众之间的知识政治，全球化和区域主权问题，生物和食品安全治理，社会运动，以及科学和民主问题。这篇文章表明，鉴于基因工程技术的迅速发展，通过社会关系、权力、不平等以及知识的生产和交流来看待基因工程作为一个社会问题变得更加重要。
Scientific and technological progress in genetic engineering has been rapid and extensive, and thus engenders major social ramifications through its transformative effect on social and economic relations and the creation of winners and losers. Against this backdrop this article looks at how sociology approaches the use of genetic engineering in agriculture and food. This entry reviews literature in distinct fields of inquiry surrounding genetic engineering as a social problem, including utopian and dystopia visions, a political economic approach to the commercial use of genetic engineering, knowledge politics between experts and the lay public in science and technology studies, globalization and regional sovereignty issues, bio‐ and food safety governance, social movements, and science and democracy issues. The entry suggests that given the rapid development of genetic engineering techniques, seeing genetic engineering as a social problem through the lenses of social relationships, power, inequality, and production and exchange of knowledge becomes all the more important.