Railways and Asbestos in Japan (1928–1987)—Epidemiology of Pleural Plaques, Malignancies and Pneumoconioses—
Railways and Asbestos in Japan (1928–1987)—Epidemiology of Pleural Plaques, Malignancies and Pneumoconioses—
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日本的铁路和石棉（1928-1987）——胸膜斑块、恶性肿瘤和尘肺病的流行病学——
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
S. Sasagawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Hosoda;Y. Hiraga;S. Sasagawa
日本的铁路和石棉(1928-1987)--胸膜斑块、恶性肿瘤和尘肺病的流行病学--细田裕隆等人。石棉原为日本国立铁路中央卫生研究所，是铁路工业，特别是蒸汽机车(SLS)不可或缺的绝缘材料。这篇综述(1928-1987)包括三个部分。1)胸膜斑块：自20世纪70年代以来，胸膜斑块一直被视为过去吸入石棉的证据，最近被认为是石棉相关恶性肿瘤的危险因素。关于平片的诊断标准，采用了经修订的劳工组织1980年国际尘肺病放射照片分类。多数病例有胸膜斑块，肺功能正常。大型工厂的工人比小型工厂的工人有更高的斑块发生率。双侧斑块占优势，其次是左肺，然后是右肺，胸壁斑块在横隔部占优势。胸膜斑块的表现与石棉接触开始以来的年限比石棉工作年限的总和更相关，尽管结果并不显著。铁路轮渡轮船船员的斑块率明显高于其他船员。斑块的CT研究始于1978年。2)石棉相关恶性肿瘤：对350,000名有吸烟资料的在职铁路职工的肺癌发病率和死亡率进行了5项回顾性队列研究。随访期最长为20年。几乎所有工厂工人的发病率或死亡率都有高于对照组的趋势。1980年报告了两例间皮瘤。3)尘肺：大多数研究(1928-1975)在SL相关工人中的患病率相对较低。
Railways and Asbestos in Japan (1928–1987)—Epidemiology of Pleural Plaques, Malignancies and Pneumoconioses—Yutaka Hosoda, et al. Formerly Japan National Railways Central Health Institute—Asbestos has been an indispensable insulating material for railway industries, especially steam locomotives (SLs). This review (1928–1987) consists of three parts. 1) Pleural plaques: Since the 1970s, pleural plaques have been regarded as evidence of past asbestos inhalation, and more recently recognized as a risk factor of asbestos‐related malignancies. For diagnostic criteria on plain radiographs, the modified ILO 1980 International Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconioses was used. Most cases had pleural plaques with normal lungs. Large plant workers showed a significantly higher rate of plaques than workers in smaller plants. Bilateral plaques were dominant followed by the left, then the right lung, and chest wall plaques were dominant over the diaphragm. The manifestation of pleural plaques was more correlated to years since the onset of the asbestos exposure than the sum of asbestos work years, although the result was not significant. The boilermen of railway ferry steamers had a significantly higher plaque rate than other seamen. CT studies on plaques started in 1978. 2) Asbestos‐related malignancies: Five retrospective cohort studies 1960–1970 were made on primary lung cancer incidence and mortality among 350,000 active railway men with smoking information. The follow‐up period was 20 yr at the longest. Almost all plant workers showed a tendency of higher incidence or mortality than the controls. Two cases of mesothelioma were reported in 1980. 3) Pneumoconioses: Most studies (1928–1975) had relatively low prevalence rates among SL‐related workers.