Visualising Crime Clusters in a Space-time Cube: An Exploratory Data-analysis Approach Using Space-time Kernel Density Estimation and Scan Statistics
Visualising Crime Clusters in a Space-time Cube: An Exploratory Data-analysis Approach Using Space-time Kernel Density Estimation and Scan Statistics
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-9671.2010.01194.x
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Yano, Keiji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nakaya, Tomoki;Yano, Keiji
为了有效地解释犯罪集群/热点的时空模式，我们探讨了犯罪事件在时空立方体中的三维映射的可能性，并借助核密度估计和扫描统计的时空变体。使用的犯罪发生数据集的抢夺和运行的罪行在京都市从2003年至2004年，我们确认，所提出的方法，使同时可视化的地理范围和犯罪集群的持续时间，稳定和短暂的时空犯罪集群可以直观地区分。此外，这两种统计技术的结合使用揭示了时间集群间的关联，表明短暂的集群交替出现在一对热点区域，这表明了一种新型的“位移”现象的犯罪。突出的两个时空统计方法的互补方面，我们得出结论，结合这些方法在时空立方体显示是特别有价值的集群的时空探索性数据分析，从时空犯罪事件的数据集提取新的犯罪流行病学知识。
For an effective interpretation of spatio-temporal patterns of crime clusters/hotspots, we explore the possibility of three-dimensional mapping of crime events in a space-time cube with the aid of space-time variants of kernel density estimation and scan statistics. Using the crime occurrence dataset of snatch-and-run offences in Kyoto City from 2003 to 2004, we confirm that the proposed methodology enables simultaneous visualisation of the geographical extent and duration of crime clusters, by which stable and transient space-time crime clusters can be intuitively differentiated. Also, the combined use of the two statistical techniques revealed temporal inter-cluster associations showing that transient clusters alternatively appeared in a pair of hotspot regions, suggesting a new type of "displacement" phenomenon of crime. Highlighting the complementary aspects of the two space-time statistical approaches, we conclude that combining these approaches in a space-time cube display is particularly valuable for a spatio-temporal exploratory data analysis of clusters to extract new knowledge of crime epidemiology from a data set of space-time crime events.