Assessing satellite-based fire data for use in the National Emissions Inventory
Assessing satellite-based fire data for use in the National Emissions Inventory
复制标题
评估用于国家排放清单的卫星火灾数据
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Szykman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Soja;J. Al;L. Giglio;D. Randall;C. Kittaka;G. Pouliot;Joseph J. Kordzi;S. Raffuse;T. Pace;T. Pierce;T. Moore;B. Roy;R. Pierce;J. Szykman
生物质燃烧对排放估算具有重要意义，因为：(1)生物质燃烧是颗粒物和其他污染物的主要来源；(2)它是所有资料来源中记载最少的一个；（三）对人体健康有不良影响的；(4)通过与辐射收支的反馈，已确定它是气候变化的重要贡献者。此外，生物质燃烧可能是一个地区无法达到pm2.5和臭氧国家环境空气质量标准的重要原因，特别是在空气质量最差的前20%的日子里。美国没有跟踪火灾发生或燃烧面积的标准方法，这是估计火灾排放的重要组成部分。卫星图像几乎可以即时获得，在提高排放估计及其及时性方面具有很大的潜力。该研究将卫星获得的火灾数据与地面数据进行比较，以确定统计误差，并有助于提供这些数据的可信度。所有卫星都能识别最大的火灾，并准确地感知其空间范围。MODIS提供了增强的空间和时间信息，GOES ABBA数据能够捕获更多的小型农业火灾。本文提出了一种方法，将这些近实时卫星数据结合起来，生成一种产品，该产品可以捕获野火，规定的，农业和牧场燃烧总面积的81%至92%。每颗卫星都具有独特的时间和空间能力，可以探测到独特的火灾，如果只使用一颗卫星的数据，就可以忽略这些火灾。
Biomass burning is significant to emission estimates because: (1) it is a major contributor of particulate matter and other pollutants; (2) it is one of the most poorly documented of all sources; (3) it can adversely affect human health; and (4) it has been identified as a significant contributor to climate change through feedbacks with the radiation budget. Additionally, biomass burning can be a significant contributor to a regions inability to achieve the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for PM 2.5 and ozone, particularly on the top 20% worst air quality days. The United States does not have a standard methodology to track fire occurrence or area burned, which are essential components to estimating fire emissions. Satellite imagery is available almost instantaneously and has great potential to enhance emission estimates and their timeliness. This investigation compares satellite-derived fire data to ground-based data to assign statistical error and helps provide confidence in these data. The largest fires are identified by all satellites and their spatial domain is accurately sensed. MODIS provides enhanced spatial and temporal information, and GOES ABBA data are able to capture more small agricultural fires. A methodology is presented that combines these satellite data in Near-Real-Time to produce a product that captures 81 to 92% of the total area burned by wildfire, prescribed, agricultural and rangeland burning. Each satellite possesses distinct temporal and spatial capabilities that permit the detection of unique fires that could be omitted if using data from only one satellite.