Diagnostic and therapeutic potential of microRNAs in neuropsychiatric disorders: Past, present, and future.
Diagnostic and therapeutic potential of microRNAs in neuropsychiatric disorders: Past, present, and future.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.03.010
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发表时间：
2017-02-06
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Haggarty SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alural B;Genc S;Haggarty SJ
神经精神障碍是影响大约1%人口的常见健康问题。双胞胎、收养和家族性研究表明，这些疾病中的许多都有很强的遗传成分；然而，潜在的病理生理机制和神经基础在很大程度上仍不清楚。鉴于对新的诊断标记物和疾病修正治疗的迫切需要，扩大神经精神障碍的基因组研究的重点，包括非编码RNA(NcRNAs)的作用越来越引起人们的兴趣。在已知类型的ncRNAs中，microRNAs(MiRNAs)是20-25个核苷酸的单链分子，通过转录后机制调节基因表达，并具有协调调节复杂调控网络的潜力。本文综述了miRNA改变/失调在神经精神疾病中的研究现状，重点介绍了精神分裂症(SCZ)、双相情感障碍(BD)和严重抑郁障碍(MDD)。展望未来，我们还讨论了在个性化治疗和网络医学的背景下，miRNAs对神经精神疾病的诊断和预后潜力。
Neuropsychiatry disorders are common health problems affecting approximately 1% of the population. Twin, adoption, and family studies have displayed a strong genetic component for many of these disorders; however, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and neural substrates remain largely unknown. Given the critical need for new diagnostic markers and disease-modifying treatments, expanding the focus of genomic studies of neuropsychiatric disorders to include the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) is of growing interest. Of known types of ncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) are 20–25-nucleotide, single-stranded, molecules that regulate gene expression through post-transcriptional mechanisms and have the potential to coordinately regulate complex regulatory networks. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on miRNA alteration/dysregulation in neuropsychiatric disorders, with a special emphasis on schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD). With an eye toward the future, we also discuss the diagnostic and prognostic potential of miRNAs for neuropsychiatric disorders in the context of personalized treatments and network medicine.