Large‐scale mapping of anthropogenic relief features—legacies of past forest use in two historical charcoal production areas in Germany

Large‐scale mapping of anthropogenic relief features—legacies of past forest use in two historical charcoal production areas in Germany
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德国两个历史木炭生产区过去森林利用遗留的人为地貌特征的大规模测绘

DOI:
10.1002/gea.21782
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
1.7
通讯作者:
Hirsch
Hirsch
中科院分区:
地球科学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schneider;Bonhage;Hirsch

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随着高分辨率数字高程模型(dem)的日益普及,人类活动地形特征的大比例尺制图在越来越多的地区变得可行。然而,人为地貌的景观尺度分布格局和基于DEM的制图质量可能存在高度异质性。在本研究中,我们在两个不同环境背景的研究区域绘制了超过15,000 km2的残炭炉(RCH)地图,分析了RCH分布,并评估了RCH发生的预测模型在自然和文化景观结构方面的可能性。每个地区记录的RCHs超过45000个,即使在远离木炭消耗工业的地区,站点密度也很高。基于DEM的制图质量的差异与DEM质量的小尺度差异和大尺度基底异质性有关。研究发现,北欧低地地区的乡村住宅与历史工业遗址之间存在明显的联系;而绘制的RCHs密度主要与较低山脉的地质和地貌有关。结果表明,需要考虑不同比例尺制图质量的差异以及一个地区的自然和文化背景,这样人为地形特征的制图才能有助于提高对土地利用历史的理解。
With the increasing availability of high‐resolution digital elevation models (DEMs), large‐scale mapping of anthropogenic relief features has become feasible for more areas. However, the landscape‐scale distribution patterns of anthropogenic landforms and the quality of DEM‐based mapping can be highly heterogeneous. In this study, we mapped relict charcoal hearths (RCHs) in two study regions with differing environmental backgrounds, covering forest areas of more than 15,000 km2, analyzed the RCH distributions and evaluated possibilities for predictive modeling of RCH occurrence with respect to natural and cultural landscape structures. More than 45,000 RCHs were recorded in each region, with high site densities even in areas remote from charcoal‐consuming industries. Variations in the quality of DEM‐based mapping were related to small‐scale differences in the DEM quality and larger‐scale substrate heterogeneity. A clear association between RCHs and historical industrial sites was found in the Northern European Lowland; while the density of mapped RCHs was predominantly related to geology and morphology in the lower mountain ranges. The results show that variations in mapping quality across scales and the natural and cultural background of a region need to be considered so that the mapping of anthropogenic relief features can contribute to an improved understanding of land‐use history.
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