Effect of Porosity and Permeability Evolution on Injection‐Induced Aseismic Slip

Effect of Porosity and Permeability Evolution on Injection‐Induced Aseismic Slip
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孔隙度和渗透率演化对注入诱发抗震滑移的影响

DOI:
10.1029/2020jb021258
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Dunham, Eric M.
Dunham, Eric M.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yang, Yuyun;Dunham, Eric M.

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流体的注入可以触发断层的滑动,这一点已被广泛认识。然而,流体-岩石相互作用促进或抑制滑动的过程知之甚少,并且在大多数注射诱导滑动模型中有些过于简化。在这项研究中,我们进行了一个二维反平面剪切调查的非弹性滑动,发生在响应流体注入到渗透性断层由速率和状态摩擦。我们占孔隙度和渗透率的变化,伴随着滑动,包括渗透性,并量化这些过程如何影响孔隙压力扩散,这对夫妇的aseprostheslip。故障对注入的响应有两个阶段。在第一阶段,滑动是可以忽略的,孔隙压力密切遵循标准的线性扩散模型。加压最终会触发注射部位附近的滑动。在第二阶段,非稳态滑动前缘向外扩展,孔隙水压力偏离线性扩散模型。我们量化了预应力、注入速率、渗透率和其他流体输运特性如何影响滑动前缘迁移速率,发现典型参数的速率范围为10至1,000米/天。运移速率受断层与断层的接近程度和注入速率的强烈影响。另一方面,断层上的总滑动主要由注入体积决定,对注入速率的敏感性最小。此外,我们还发现,当忽略不计滑动时,滑动前缘迁移率和总滑动量可以高出几倍。我们的建模表明,孔隙度和渗透率的演变,特别是渗透性,从根本上改变了断层如何响应流体注入。
It is widely recognized that fluid injection can trigger aseismic fault slip. However, the processes by which the fluid‐rock interactions facilitate or inhibit slip are poorly understood and some are oversimplified in most models of injection‐induced slip. In this study, we perform a 2D anti‐plane shear investigation of aseismic slip that occurs in response to fluid injection into a permeable fault governed by rate‐and‐state friction. We account for porosity and permeability changes that accompany slip, including dilatancy, and quantify how these processes affect pore pressure diffusion, which couples to aseismic slip. Fault response to injection has two phases. In the first phase, slip is negligible and pore pressure closely follows the standard linear diffusion model. Pressurization eventually triggers aseismic slip close to the injection site. In the second phase, aseismic slip front expands outward and dilatancy causes pore pressure to depart from the linear diffusion model. We quantify how prestress, injection rate, permeability and other fluid transport properties affect the slip front migration rate, finding rates ranging from 10 to 1,000 m/day for typical parameters. The migration rate is strongly influenced by the fault's closeness to failure and injection rate. The total slip on the fault, on the other hand, is primarily determined by the injected volume, with minimal sensitivity to injection rate. Additionally, we show that when dilatancy is neglected, slip front migration rate and total slip can be several times higher. Our modeling demonstrates that porosity and permeability evolution, especially dilatancy, fundamentally alters how faults respond to fluid injection.
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