AGRICULTURAL BY-PRODUCTS AS FEED FOR RUMINANTS IN TROPICAL AREA: NUTRITIVE VALUE AND MITIGATING METHANE EMISSION
AGRICULTURAL BY-PRODUCTS AS FEED FOR RUMINANTS IN TROPICAL AREA: NUTRITIVE VALUE AND MITIGATING METHANE EMISSION
复制标题
热带地区反刍动物饲料的农副产品：营养价值和减少甲烷排放
DOI：
10.7831/ras.5.65-76
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Yayota
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Yanti;M. Yayota
热带国家农业部门产生的废物很多。这些国家的许多农民一直在使用这种废物作为喂养牲畜的主要饲料来源。然而，使用这些废弃物作为反刍动物生产的饲料导致动物产量较低，这是由于其蛋白质含量较低和不可消化纤维含量较高。人们研究了各种方法，包括物理、化学、生物和酶处理，以改善这些饲料。在这些方法中，生物处理可能是小农户最实用的方法，因为其成本较低。生物处理的一个好处是使用乳酸菌发酵汁。这种处理可以提高青贮饲料的发酵品质。应用真菌乳酸菌发酵液作为青贮饲料添加剂，可提高秸秆青贮饲料的乳酸产量和有机物体外消化率，降低纤维成分。利用农副产品作为反刍动物饲料也是一个环境问题。高含量纤维在瘤胃中的消化增加了甲烷的排放。甲烷现在被认为是气候变化的40%左右的贡献者。在饲料中添加化学品或补充剂或利用微生物发酵可减少甲烷的产生。为减少甲烷排放，将农副产品与其他非结构性碳水化合物以全混合日粮（TMR）的形式组合是可行的。
Waste from agriculture sector is abundant in tropical countries. Many farmers in these countries have been using this waste as the main feed sources for feeding livestock. However, using these wastes as feeds for ruminant production resulted in lower animal production due to its lower protein and higher indigestible fiber contents. Various methods, including physical, chemical, biological and enzyme treatments, have been investigated to improve these feeds. Among these, biological treatment may be the most practical method for small-holder farmers, due to its lower cost. One benefit of biological treatment is the use of fermented juice of lactic acid bacteria. This treatment can improve the fermentation quality of silage. When applying fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) as silage additive, the lactic acid production and in vitro organic matter digestibility could be enhanced, and fibrous component could be reduced in crop residue silages. Utilization of agricultural by-product as ruminant feed also appears as an environmental problem. Digestion of high content of fiber in the rumen increase methane emission. Methane is now recognized as a contributor of about 40% to climate change. Adding chemicals or supplements in feeds or harnessing fermentation by microorganism result in reducing methane production. To reduce methane emission, combination of agricultural by-product and other nonstructural carbohydrates in the form of total mixed ration (TMR) is feasible.
豌豆 (pisum sativum L.) 干草饲喂对饲喂稻草广告的穆拉水牛 (Bubalus bubalis) 干物质摄入和产奶量的影响
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2007
期刊：
Animal Science Journal 2
影响因子：
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作者：
Hayashi Y;Devkota;NR;Kumagai H.
通讯作者：
Kumagai H.