Age at sexual debut in South Africa.
Age at sexual debut in South Africa.
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DOI：
10.2989/16085900509490335
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Bakilana, Anne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bakilana, Anne
在制定艾滋病毒预防战略时，必须了解开始发生性关系的年龄。大多数关于青年人性活动年龄的研究提供了特定年龄组中性活动活跃者的估计百分比，但往往不提供初次性行为年龄的数据，或忽视了分析初次性行为数据的复杂性。这项研究通过提供妇女初次发生性关系时的年龄中位数以及其他年龄中位数来考虑南非发生性关系的比率，并分析初次发生性关系的年龄一直在下降的假设。分析使用了1998年南非人口和健康调查的数据，包括1998年采访的11 735名年龄在15至49岁之间的妇女的全国代表性样本。分析使用寿命表技术和多变量分析。大约8%的受访者在15岁之前有过性行为。第一次性行为的平均年龄约为18岁，几乎所有女性都在23岁之前发生过性行为。有证据表明，进入性关系的比率高峰出现在18岁，年轻妇女群体进入性关系的年龄更小。根据年长的受访者提供的关于他们自己在同一年龄的行为的信息，年轻群体进入性关系的速度要快14%至20%。参加这项研究的妇女进入性关系的年龄与坦桑尼亚和津巴布韦的人口和健康调查结果进行了比较，并提出了结婚率。对各国开始性关系与结婚率之间的差距进行了比较。看来，尽管南非人往往比坦桑尼亚人更晚进入性关系，而且或多或少与津巴布韦人处于同一阶段，但他们的结婚率却大大推迟。艾滋病毒感染控制的后果进行了讨论。
It is important to understand the age at which sexual relations start in designing HIV prevention strategies. Most studies on age of sexual activity of young people provide estimated percentages of those that are sexually active in specific age groups, and tend either to not provide data for age at sexual debut, or to overlook the complexities of analysing data concerning sexual debut. This study considers the rate of entry into sexual relations in South Africa by providing the median age of women at time of first sexual relations as well as other percentiles, and analyses the hypothesis that age at sexual debut has been falling. The analysis uses data from the 1998 South African Demographic and Health Survey, including a nationally representative sample of 11 735 women, aged 15 to 49, interviewed in 1998. The analysis uses life-table techniques and multivariate analysis. About 8% of the respondents had had sex by age 15. The median age at time of first sex was approximately 18 years, and virtually all the women had had sex by age 23. There is evidence that the peak of the rate of entry into sexual relations occurs at age 18 and that younger cohorts of women are entering sexual relations at a younger age. The rate of entry into sexual relations is 14% to 20% faster for the younger cohorts, based on information given by the older respondents concerning their own behaviour at the same age. Age of entry into sexual relations of the women who participated in this study is compared to findings of demographic and health surveys in Tanzania and Zimbabwe, and rates of entry into marriage are also presented. The lag between entry into sexual relations and rate of entry into marriage is compared across countries. It appears that, whereas South Africans tend to enter into sexual relations later than Tanzanian counterparts and more or less at the same stage as Zimbabweans, their rates of entry into marriage are hugely delayed. The consequences for HIV infection control are discussed.