Factors affecting vertical distribution of Fukushima accident-derived radiocesium in soil under different land-use conditions
Factors affecting vertical distribution of Fukushima accident-derived radiocesium in soil under different land-use conditions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.041
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Nagai, Haruyasu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koarashi, Jun;Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko;Nagai, Haruyasu
2011年3月11日，日本福岛第一核电站因大地震及随后引发的海啸发生事故，导致大量放射性铯（铯 - 137和铯 - 134）释放，随后福岛一系列陆地生态系统的土壤受到污染。确定影响这些土壤中放射性铯留存的因素和过程，对于预测沉积的放射性铯将如何在土壤剖面中迁移以及迁移到其他生物组分至关重要。我们对福岛市一个2千米×2千米网格区域内不同土地利用类型（农田、草地和森林）下15个地点的土壤（至20厘米深度）中放射性铯的垂直分布以及土壤理化性质进行了调查。沉积在三种不同土地利用类型的土壤表面及内部的铯 - 137总量相似（58.4 ± 9.6千贝克勒尔/平方米）。然而，森林地点的地表枯枝落叶层和非森林地点的草本植被对铯 - 137总量的贡献有所不同。在森林地点，总量的50 - 91%存在于枯枝落叶层。相比之下，地上植被的贡献较小（
The Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant accident in Japan, triggered by a big earthquake and the resulting tsunami on 11 March 2011, caused a substantial release of radiocesium (Cs-137 and Cs-134) and a subsequent contamination of soils in a range of terrestrial ecosystems. Identifying factors and processes affecting radiocesium retention in these soils is essential to predict how the deposited radiocesium will migrate through the soil profile and to other biological components. We investigated vertical distributions of radiocesium and physicochemical properties in soils (to 20 cm depth) at 15 locations under different land-use types (croplands, grasslands, and forests) within a 2 km x 2 km mesh area in Fukushima city. The total Cs-137 inventory deposited onto and into soil was similar (58.4 +/- 9.6 kBq m(-2)) between the three different land-use types. However, aboveground litter layer at the forest sites and herbaceous vegetation at the non-forested sites contributed differently to the total Cs-137 inventory. At the forest sites, 50-91% of the total inventory was observed in the litter layer. The aboveground vegetation contribution was in contrast smaller (