Natural selection In Utero: Evidence from the great East Japan earthquake
Natural selection In Utero: Evidence from the great East Japan earthquake
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/ajhb.22414
复制
发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Kawachi, I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Catalano, R.;Yorifuji, T.;Kawachi, I.
目的关于人口压力因素导致男性出生率下降是否是由于男性受孕减少或子宫内对男性胎儿的选择增加，仍然存在争议。我们使用每月出生队列来确定2011年东日本大地震后日本男性出生率是否低于女性出生和历史预期的水平（即，自相关）。方法我们采用中断时间序列方法对69个月（即，2006年4月至2011年12月）的出生数据，从最受影响的县和最不受影响的县以及日本其余地区。我们估计预期的男性出生的女性出生和自相关。结果发现不同的距离，从最大的损害，但建议敏感时期在妊娠早期和晚期时，人口压力可能会导致选择对男性在子宫内。只有在地震中受灾最严重的都道府县，才出现了支持减少男性受孕的现象。结论：结果与自然选择具有保守机制的主张一致，该机制通过减少男性的受孕和增加男性胎儿的自然流产率来降低男性在压力时期活产的几率。Am. J. 25：555-559，2013. (c)2013威利期刊公司
Objectives Controversy remains over whether declines in male births reported after population stressors result from either or both reduced conception of males or increased selection in utero against male fetuses. We use monthly birth cohorts to determine if Japanese male births following the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011 fell below levels expected from female births and from history (i.e., autocorrelation) among cohorts exposed to the Earthquake at or after conception. Methods We apply interrupted time-series methods to 69 months (i.e., April, 2006 through December, 2011) of birth data from the most and least affected prefectures as well as from the remainder of Japan. We estimate expected male births from female births and from autocorrelation. Results Findings varied by distance from the greatest damage but suggest sensitive periods both early and late in gestation when population stressors may induce selection against males in utero. Support for reduced conception of males appeared only in the prefectures most damaged by the Earthquake. Conclusions Results align with the claim that natural selection has conserved mechanisms that reduce the odds of a male live birth during stressful times by reducing the conception of males and by increasing the rate of spontaneous abortion among male fetuses. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 25:555-559, 2013. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.