Implications of circadian rhythm and stress in addiction vulnerability.
Implications of circadian rhythm and stress in addiction vulnerability.
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DOI：
10.12688/f1000research.7608.1
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McClung C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Becker-Krail D;McClung C
面对慢性压力，有些人可以保持正常的功能，而另一些人则会发展成精神疾病。在美国，每12个人中就有一个人受到成瘾的影响，成瘾是一种物质使用障碍，长期以来与紧张的生活事件和睡眠/觉醒周期的中断有关。昼夜节律和应激反应系统已经进化为提供对环境变化的适应性，并允许维持功能稳定性或稳态。这篇简短的综述将讨论昼夜节律和压力如何单独影响药物反应，相互影响，以及它们的相互作用如何调节与奖励相关的行为。特别是，我们将集中在生物钟和糖皮质激素的调节下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴之间的相互作用。确定这两个系统如何作用于多巴胺能奖励回路不仅可以揭示成瘾脆弱性的基础，而且还可以为未来的研究阐明潜在的治疗靶点。
In the face of chronic stress, some individuals can maintain normal function while others go on to develop mental illness. Addiction, affecting one in every twelve people in America, is a substance use disorder long associated with stressful life events and disruptions in the sleep/wake cycle. The circadian and stress response systems have evolved to afford adaptability to environmental changes and allow for maintenance of functional stability, or homeostasis. This mini-review will discuss how circadian rhythms and stress individually affect drug response, affect each other, and how their interactions may regulate reward-related behavior. In particular, we will focus on the interactions between the circadian clock and the regulation of glucocorticoids by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Determining how these two systems act on dopaminergic reward circuitry may not only reveal the basis for vulnerability to addiction, but may also illuminate potential therapeutic targets for future investigation.