Review of quantum electrical standards and benefits and effects of the implementation of the ‘revised SI’
Review of quantum electrical standards and benefits and effects of the implementation of the ‘revised SI’
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审查量子电学标准以及实施“修订版SI”的好处和效果
DOI：
10.1002/tee.22492
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
N. Kaneko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Kaneko
在现行的国际单位制（SI）中，约瑟夫森效应和量子霍尔效应被用于电压和电阻的初级标准，电流标准是由这两个量子标准的组合而来的。2018年，计划根据普朗克常数、基本电荷、阿伏伽德罗常数和玻尔兹曼常数的最新测量结果对SI进行修订。“修订单位制”的采用意味着我们将最终终止千克与人工制品（千克的国际原型）的可追溯性，并开始千克与普朗克常数h的新的可追溯性。在电力和磁力计量以及相关的精密测量中，目前基于约瑟夫森常数和冯克里琴常数的“常规值”的可追溯性将转换为基于普朗克常数和基本电荷的修订可追溯性。在本文中，详细介绍了量子电测量的基础，以及纯粹基于基本物理常数和量子效应的修订SI将如何为我们带来长期利益，而对工业的影响可以忽略不计。©2017日本电气工程师学会。约翰·威利父子出版公司。
In the present International System of Units (SI), the Josephson effect and quantum Hall effect have been utilized for voltage and resistance primary standards, and the electrical current standard has been derived from a combination of the two quantum standards. In 2018, it is planned that the SI will be revised based on the latest measurements results of the Planck constant, elementary charge, Avogadro constant, and Boltzmann constant. The adoption of the ‘Revised SI’ means we shall finally terminate the traceability of the kilogram tied to an artifact (the international prototype of the kilogram) and start a new traceability of the kilogram to the Planck constant h. In electricity and magnetism metrology, and related precision measurements, the traceability presently based on the ‘conventional values’ of the Josephson constant and the von Klitzing constant is going to be switched to the revised traceability based on the Planck constant and elementary charge. In this article, the foundation of the quantum electrical measurements and how the Revised SI, which is based purely on fundamental physical constants and quantum effects, will bring us a long‐term benefit with negligible impact to industry are detailed. © 2017 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.