On the "islets of Langerhans" in the pancreas.
On the "islets of Langerhans" in the pancreas.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.1905.0004
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发表时间：
1905-03-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dale, HH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dale, HH
这里描述的观察结果是对胰腺组织学变化的研究结果，这些变化是由“分泌素”所引起的活动(Bayliss和Starling[1])。在以前对这些变化的所有研究中，腺体的分泌都是由消化的自然刺激或匹罗卡品的作用引起的。前者充其量是一种缓慢的刺激，正常消化不同时期的组织学差异很小；后者在实践中被发现作为胰腺刺激剂，从分泌液的量来看，远远不如促胰液素。因此，使用促胰液素来重复以前的组织学观察似乎是值得的，促胰液素除了是一种比匹罗卡品强大得多的刺激剂外，还有一个优点，即它的作用是加强了正常的生理刺激。可以马上说，关于实际分泌物中所涉及的变化的细胞学细节--酶原颗粒的释放和嗜色物质细胞底部的生长--没有观察到任何新的东西。这些变化在许多情况下更为完整，但与匹罗卡品作用所致的变化是相同的。然而，我的注意力很早就被吸引到了在被称为“朗格汉斯胰岛”、“管间细胞团”等的结构中产生了非常明显的差异。这些变化构成了本文的主要主题，似乎需要对关于这些结构的性质和功能的观点进行简短的历史叙述，这些结构在这里将被称为“朗格汉斯胰岛”或“胰岛”。
The observations here described are the outcome of an investigation of the histological changes produced in the pancreas by the activity called forth by “secretin” (Bayliss and Starling (1)). In all former investigations of these changes the secretion of the gland has been provoked by the natural stimulus of digestion or by the administration of pilocarpine. The former is at best a slow stimulus, and the histological variations at different periods of normal digestion slight; the latter was found in practice much inferior to secretin as a pancreatic stimulant, judging by the volume of juice secreted. It seemed worth while, therefore, to repeat the former histological observations with the use of secretin, which, besides being a far more powerful stimulant than pilocarpine, has the advantage that its action is an intensification of the normal physiological stimulus. It may be said at once that, in regard to the cytological details of the changes involved in the actual secretion—the discharge of the zymogen granules and the growth from the base of the cell of the chromatophilous substance—nothing new was observed. The changes were in many cases more complete, but of the same kind as those described as a result of the action of pilocarpine. My attention, however, was early drawn to very obvious differences produced in the structures called "islets of Langerhans,” “intertubular cell-clumps,” &c. These changes form the main subject of this paper, and a short historical account seems called for of the views which have been held as to the nature and function of these structures, which will be here referred to as “islets of Langerhans” or “islets.”