Rare microbial taxa emerge when communities collide: freshwater and marine microbiome responses to experimental mixing
Rare microbial taxa emerge when communities collide: freshwater and marine microbiome responses to experimental mixing
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DOI：
10.1002/ecy.2956
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发表时间：
2020-02-07
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Wright, Justin P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rocca, Jennifer D.;Simonin, Marie;Wright, Justin P.
整个微生物群落定期相互融合，通常与它们的环境同步，这一过程称为群落合并。这样的事件带来了实质性的变化：环境混合的非生物扰动和群落融合的生物扰动。我们使用了一个水生混合实验来揭示这些扰动对整个微生物组反应的影响，以及当不同的淡水和海洋群落融合时，对单个类群的成功的影响。我们发现，淡水和海洋栖息地的平等混合以及混合微生物组导致了群落结构向海洋微生物组的强烈趋同。这些混合的微生物在混合介质中的酶的潜力也收敛到海洋，酶的多变量响应模式和群落结构之间的强相关性。将每个端元接种物暴露于其淡水和海洋来源沃茨的无菌相等混合物导致来自我们的淡水微生物组的96%的分类群损失和来自我们的海洋微生物组的66%的损失。当这两个接种物一起加入到这个混合环境中，社区之间的相互作用导致进一步损失的29%和49%的淡水和海洋类群，分别。在无菌和竞争的情况下，多样性的损失在一定程度上被增加的微生物类群的丰度所抵消，这些类群在最初的接种物中太罕见而无法检测到。我们的研究强调了稀有生物圈作为微生物群落对群落合并反应的关键组成部分的重要性。
Whole microbial communities regularly merge with one another, often in tandem with their environments, in a process called community coalescence. Such events impose substantial changes: abiotic perturbation from environmental blending and biotic perturbation of community merging. We used an aquatic mixing experiment to unravel the effects of these perturbations on the whole microbiome response and on the success of individual taxa when distinct freshwater and marine communities coalesce. We found that an equal mix of freshwater and marine habitats and blended microbiomes resulted in strong convergence of the community structure toward that of the marine microbiome. The enzymatic potential of these blended microbiomes in mixed media also converged toward that of the marine, with strong correlations between the multivariate response patterns of the enzymes and of community structure. Exposing each endmember inocula to an axenic equal mix of their freshwater and marine source waters led to a 96% loss of taxa from our freshwater microbiomes and a 66% loss from our marine microbiomes. When both inocula were added together to this mixed environment, interactions amongst the communities led to a further loss of 29% and 49% of freshwater and marine taxa, respectively. Under both the axenic and competitive scenarios, the diversity lost was somewhat counterbalanced by increased abundance of microbial taxa that were too rare to detect in the initial inocula. Our study emphasizes the importance of the rare biosphere as a critical component of microbial community responses to community coalescence.