Rubber contact mechanics: adhesion, friction and leakage of seals.
Rubber contact mechanics: adhesion, friction and leakage of seals.
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DOI：
10.1039/c7sm02038d
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发表时间：
2017-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
A. Tiwari;L. Dorogin;M. Tahir;K. Stöckelhuber;G. Heinrich;N. Espallargas;B. Persson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Tiwari;L. Dorogin;M. Tahir;K. Stöckelhuber;G. Heinrich;N. Espallargas;B. Persson
研究了丁腈橡胶（NBR）、三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）、聚环氧氯丙烷（GECO）和聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）四种弹性体密封件的粘接性能、摩擦性能和泄漏率。在干燥状态和水中研究了光滑清洁的玻璃球与所有弹性体之间的粘合。在水中，观察到的NBR和PDMS弹性体的粘附性，但不是EPDM和GECO弹性体，我们归因于表面能和去湿的差异。水的泄漏是通过橡胶方环密封件挤压喷砂玻璃表面来研究的。在这里，我们观察到对于在水中表现出粘附性的弹性体，泄漏率对水压ΔP的强烈非线性依赖性，而对于其他弹性体，泄漏率几乎线性地依赖于ΔP。我们将非线性归因于一些与粘附相关的现象，例如去湿或气泡的（时间依赖性）形成，其阻塞流体流动通道。最后，使用光滑玻璃和喷砂玻璃作为基底，在干燥状态和水中研究了低滑动速度下的橡胶摩擦。将实测摩擦系数与理论摩擦系数进行了比较，并讨论了作用在真实的接触区的摩擦剪应力的来源。NBR橡胶在干燥状态和水中都表现出最强的粘附力，在干燥状态和水中也表现出最高的摩擦力。
We study the adhesion, friction and leak rate of seals for four different elastomers: Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR), Ethylene Propylene Diene (EPDM), Polyepichlorohydrin (GECO) and Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Adhesion between smooth clean glass balls and all the elastomers is studied both in the dry state and in water. In water, adhesion is observed for the NBR and PDMS elastomers, but not for the EPDM and GECO elastomers, which we attribute to the differences in surface energy and dewetting. The leakage of water is studied with rubber square-ring seals squeezed against sandblasted glass surfaces. Here we observe a strongly non-linear dependence of the leak rate on the water pressure ΔP for the elastomers exhibiting adhesion in water, while the leak rate depends nearly linearly on ΔP for the other elastomers. We attribute the non-linearity to some adhesion-related phenomena, such as dewetting or the (time-dependent) formation of gas bubbles, which blocks fluid flow channels. Finally, rubber friction is studied at low sliding speeds using smooth glass and sandblasted glass as substrates, both in the dry state and in water. The measured friction coefficients are compared to theory, and the origin of the frictional shear stress acting in the area of real contact is discussed. The NBR rubber, which exhibits the strongest adhesion both in the dry state and in water, also shows the highest friction both in the dry state and in water.