Testing Brans-Dicke gravity using the Einstein telescope

Testing Brans-Dicke gravity using the Einstein telescope
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使用爱因斯坦望远镜测试布兰斯-迪克引力

DOI:
10.1103/physrevd.95.124008
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发表时间:
2017-03
期刊:
影响因子:
5
通讯作者:
Wang Anzhong
Wang Anzhong
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang Xing;Yu Jiming;Liu Tan;Zhao Wen;Wang Anzhong

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引力辐射是在强引力场中检验引力理论的绝佳领域。目前 LIGO 对引力波(GW)爆发的观测已经对其他引力理论提出了各种限制。在本文中,我们利用拟议的第三代引力波探测器爱因斯坦望远镜对吸入致密双星进行引力波探测,研究了布兰斯-迪克引力的可能界限。我们首先详细计算最低后牛顿近似下的引力辐射波形,包括张量场和标量场,可分为“正模”、“十字模”和“呼吸模”三种偏振模式。应用稳态相位近似,我们得到了它们的傅里叶变换,并相对于广义相对论中的相应结果推导了引力波的振幅、相位和偏振的修正项。施加爱因斯坦望远镜的噪声水平,我们发现对由中子星和黑洞组成的吸入致密双星进行的引力波探测可以对布兰斯-迪克引力施加严格的限制。耦合常数 $\omega_{\rm BD}$ 的界限取决于双星系统的质量、天空位置、轨道角、偏振角、光度距离、红移分布和观测总数 $N_{\rm GW}$。考虑到红移 $z=5$ 之前的所有突发事件,我们发现界限可能是 $\omega_{\rm BD}\gtrsim 10^{6}\times(N_{\rm GW}/10^4)^{1/2}$。即使对于 $10^{4}$ 观测事件的保守估计,该界限仍然比太阳系实验的当前限制严格一个数量级以上。因此,我们得出的结论是,爱因斯坦望远镜将提供一个强大的平台来测试其他引力理论。
Gravitational radiation is an excellent field for testing theories of gravity in strong gravitational fields. The current observations on the gravitational-wave (GW) bursts by LIGO have already placed various constraints on the alternative theories of gravity. In this paper, we investigate the possible bounds which could be placed on the Brans-Dicke gravity using GW detection from inspiralling compact binaries with the proposed Einstein Telescope, a third-generation GW detector. We first calculate in details the waveforms of gravitational radiation in the lowest post-Newtonian approximation, including the tensor and scalar fields, which can be divided into the three polarization modes, i.e. "plus mode", "cross mode" and "breathing mode". Applying the stationary phase approximation, we obtain their Fourier transforms, and derive the correction terms in amplitude, phase and polarization of GWs, relative to the corresponding results in General Relativity. Imposing the noise level of Einstein Telescope, we find that the GW detection from inspiralling compact binaries, composed of a neutron star and a black hole, can place stringent constraints on the Brans-Dicke gravity. The bound on the coupling constant $\omega_{\rm BD}$ depends on the mass, sky-position, orbital angle, polarization angle, luminosity distance, redshift distribution and total observed number $N_{\rm GW}$ of the binary systems. Taking into account all the burst events up to redshift $z=5$, we find that the bound could be $\omega_{\rm BD}\gtrsim 10^{6}\times(N_{\rm GW}/10^4)^{1/2}$. Even for the conservative estimation with $10^{4}$ observed events, the bound is still more than one order tighter than the current limit from Solar System experiments. So, we conclude that Einstein Telescope will provide a powerful platform to test alternative theories of gravity.
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