A cross-sectional study of psychological distress, burnout, and the associated risk factors in hospital pharmacists in Japan.
A cross-sectional study of psychological distress, burnout, and the associated risk factors in hospital pharmacists in Japan.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-016-3208-5
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发表时间：
2016-07-08
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Yamada N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Higuchi Y;Inagaki M;Koyama T;Kitamura Y;Sendo T;Fujimori M;Uchitomi Y;Yamada N
在现代医院药剂师的实践中，与患者面对面交流的机会越来越多。这可能会给医院药剂师带来新的负担。我们进行了一项横断面研究，以检查医院药剂师的心理困扰、职业倦怠和同情心疲劳的流行率。我们还调查了可能的相关因素，如性别、工作年限、医院规模、人际工作时间和与沟通有关的个性特征。我们邮寄给属于日本县医院药剂师协会的所有药剂师(n=823)。问卷包括一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)、工作倦怠(BO)、同情疲劳和继发性创伤应激(CF/STS)、自闭症谱商(AQ)和成人注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)自评量表(ASRS)。我们用单因素方差分析或多因素Logistic回归分析来检验人格特质(AQ、ASRS)与心理负担(GHQ-12、BO、CF/STS)之间的关系。380名药剂师获得完整回复，应答率为46.2%。相当多的参与者获得的分数高于GHQ-12(54.7%)、BO(49.2%)和CF/STS(29.2%)的分界点。工作年限(p<；0.001)对GHQ-12得分有负影响，AQ(p<；0.001)和ASRS(p<；0.001)得分对GHQ-12得分有正向影响。BO得分与AQ(p<；0.001)和ASRS(p=0.001)得分呈正相关，而CF/STS(p=0.023)得分与工作年限呈负相关，与AQ(p<；0.001)和ASRS(p<；0.001)得分呈正相关。医院药师存在较高的心理困扰和工作倦怠。此外，两种常见的人格特征，如自闭症样特征和ADHD样症状，可能与沟通方式有关，可能会增加心理困扰和倦怠/CF的风险。针对这些特征的早期风险评估和预防干预可以保护具有这些特定特征的个体免受倦怠之苦。
Opportunities for face-to-face communication with patients is increasing in modern hospital pharmacist practice. This may impose new burdens on hospital pharmacists. We performed a cross-sectional study to examine the prevalence of psychological distress, burnout, and compassion fatigue among hospital pharmacists. We also investigated possible relevant factors, such as sex, years of experience, hospital size, interpersonal work hours, and personality traits related to communication. We mailed self-administered questionnaires to all pharmacists (n = 823) belonging to the prefectural society of hospital pharmacists in Japan. The questionnaires were the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), Burnout (BO) and Compassion Fatigue and Secondary Traumatic Stress (CF/STS) subscales of the Professional Quality of Life Scale, the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ), and the Adult ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) Self-Report Scale (ASRS). We examined associations between personality traits (AQ, ASRS) and psychological burden (GHQ-12, BO, CF/STS) using rank ANCOVA or multivariate logistic regression analyses. Complete responses were obtained from 380 pharmacists (46.2 % response rate). A substantial number of participants obtained scores that were higher than the cutoff points of the GHQ-12 (54.7 %), BO (49.2 %), and CF/STS (29.2 %). The GHQ-12 scores were negatively affected by years of experience (p < 0.001), and positively affected by AQ (p < 0.001) and ASRS (p < 0.001) scores. The BO scores was positively affected by AQ (p < 0.001) and ASRS (p = 0.001) scores, while the CF/STS (p = 0.023) score was negatively affected by years of experience, and positively affected by AQ (p < 0.001) and ASRS (p < 0.001) scores. There is a high prevalence of psychological distress and work-related burnout/CF among hospital pharmacists. Additionally, two common personality traits, such as autistic-like traits and ADHD-like symptoms, which might be related to communication style, could increase the risk of psychological distress and burnout/CF. Early risk assessment and preventive interventions that are specialized for these characteristics could protect individuals with these specific traits from burnout.