Urban spatial structure, employment subcenters, and freight travel
Urban spatial structure, employment subcenters, and freight travel
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2017.03.007
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Santiago-Bartolomei, Raul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boarnet, Marlon G.;Hong, Andy;Santiago-Bartolomei, Raul
美国的大都市区已变得越来越多中心。在中心城市之外出现了大型的就业次中心，与传统的城市中心争夺劳动力和商业。现有的文献对土地利用和交通的重点是旅客出行，提供了一个多中心的大都市发展模式对货运活动的影响很少深入了解。本研究以洛杉矶地区为例，探讨城市空间发展模式与货运交通的关系。使用全国就业时间序列（NETS）的数据，我们确定在大都市洛杉矶的就业分中心。我们使用南加州政府协会（SCAG）的数据来描述与分中心相关的货运活动。我们开发了一个回归模型，估计货运活动作为地理特征的函数，如位置是否在就业分中心，附近就业的措施，进入高速公路网络，以及接近多式联运货运设施。结果表明，就业是货运活动的一个重要驱动力，但是，就业分中心有货运活动的独立影响。本研究的结果表明，城市空间结构和货运活动的进一步研究应评估就业副中心的影响，以及他们的特定就业构成和特点是如何与货运活动在大都市一级。这种方法将导致对城市货物流动提出更准确的政策建议。(C)2017爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有
Metropolitan areas in the U.S. have become increasingly polycentric. Large employment subcenters have emerged outside of central cities, competing against the traditional city center for labor and businesses. The existing literature on land use and transportation focuses on passenger travel, providing little insight into the impact of polycentric metropolitan development patterns on freight activity. In this study, we use the Los Angeles region as a case study to examine the relationship between urban spatial development patterns and freight travel. Using the National Employment Time Series (NETS) data, we identify employment subcenters in metropolitan Los Angeles. We characterize freight activities associated with the subcenters using data from the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG). We develop a regression model that estimates freight activity as a function of geographic characteristics, such as whether a location is in an employment subcenter, measures of nearby employment, access to the highway network, and proximity to intermodal freight facilities. The results indicate that employment is an important driver of freight activity; however, employment subcenters have an independent effect on freight activity. The results of this study suggest that further research on urban spatial structure and freight activity should assess the effects of employment subcenters and how their particular employment composition and characteristics are associated with freight activities at the metropolitan level. Such an approach would lead to more precise policy recommendations for urban goods movement. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.