Effects Of Group Cultural Differences On Task Peformance And Socialization Behaviours
Effects Of Group Cultural Differences On Task Peformance And Socialization Behaviours
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群体文化差异对任务表现和社会化行为的影响
DOI：
10.5964/ejop.v2i1.315
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Szczepańska
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Simonas Audickas;Charles Davis;M. Szczepańska
本研究以霍夫施泰德的理论和研究为基础，检验了个体主义/集体主义和同质性/异质性文化维度差异对任务绩效和社会化水平的影响这一假设。瑞典人（个人主义者）和希腊人（集体主义者）被分成两组。在实验的第一阶段，两组是同质的-由来自每种文化的3名参与者组成（3名瑞典人，3名希腊人）。他们的任务是拼出一个54块的拼图。两个同质组分别计时和观察。下一步是引入两个异质（种族混合）群体。为此目的，通过指派一名美国、加拿大和德国代表，将每个同质组的人数增加到6名参与者。他们的任务是在25分钟的时间内拼出一个更大的300块拼图。使用细粒度的检查表测量个人和团体的反应。研究假设为：1）同质个人主义群体比同质集体主义群体更快地完成任务。2)异质个体主义群体比异质集体主义群体更快地完成任务。3)集体主义者将比个人主义者更具社会互动性。在本研究中，假设1和假设3得到支持，而假设2没有得到支持。未来的研究的意义是，个人主义/集体主义和同质性/异质性的一个群体可能会对群体动力学的影响，因为它涉及到任务绩效。
Drawing on Hofstede’s theory and research, this study examined the hypothesis that differences in cultural dimensions of individualism/collectivism and homogeneity/heterogeneity will influence the level of task performance and socialization. Swedes (individualists) and Greeks (collectivists) were assigned to two separate groups. In the first phase of the experiment the two groups were homogenous – consisting of 3 participants from each of the cultures (3 Swedes, 3 Greeks). Their task was to put together a 54piece puzzle. Both homogenous groups were timed and observed separately. The next step was to bring in two heterogeneous (ethnically mixed) groups. For this purpose the size of each homogeneous group was increased to 6 participants by assigning one American, Canadian and German representative. Their task was to put together a larger, 300 piece puzzle within a certain time frame of 25minutes. Individual and group responses were measured using a fine-grained checklist. The hypotheses were: 1) Homogenous individualistic group would finish the task faster than the homogenous collectivistic group. 2) Heterogeneous individualistic group will finish the task faster than heterogeneous collectivistic group. 3) Collectivists will be more socially interactive than individualists. In this research hypotheses 1 and 3 were supported, whereas hypothesis 2 was not. The implications for future research are that individualism/collectivism and homogeneity/heterogeneity of a group may have an influence on group dynamics as it relates to task performance.