Factors associated with initiating someone into illicit drug injection
Factors associated with initiating someone into illicit drug injection
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.09.008
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发表时间：
2014-11-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Kral, Alex H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bluthenthal, Ricky N.;Wenger, Lynn;Kral, Alex H.
目的：大多数注射毒品(PWID)的人最初是由当前的PWID发起注射的。很少有研究考察那些帮助他人注射毒品的PWID。我们的目标是描述在过去12个月中开始注射的人的患病率和危险因素。方法：我们招募了2011-2013年加州PWID(N=605)的横断面样本。我们考察了引发注射的双变量和多变量的危险因素，重点关注了可能鼓励注射的行为，如在非PWID之前注射，描述如何向非PWID注射，以及是否愿意发起某人注射毒品。结果：在PWID中，34%的人报告了开始注射，最近12个月有7%的人报告了开始注射的行为。在过去一年，44名残疾人士协会曾协助431人接受注射。与最近12个月开始注射某人的独立相关因素是自我报告将来开始注射某人的可能性(调整后的优势比[AOR]=7.09；95%可信区间[CI]=3.40，14.79)，过去一个月注射过另一次PWID(AOR=4.05；95%可信区间[CI]=1.94，8.47)，描述了如何注射给非注射者(2.61；95%CI=1.19，5.71)，以及过去一个月使用非注射粉状可卡因(AOR=4.97；95%CI=2.08，11.84)。结论：活跃的PWID对促进药物注射吸收过程具有重要意义。减少启动的干预措施应包括努力改变PWID中与注射吸收相关的行为和意图等。(C)2014爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司。保留所有权利。
Aims: Most people who inject drugs (PWID) were first initiated into injection by a current PWID. Few studies have examined PWID who assist others into drug injection. Our goal is to describe the prevalence of and risk factors for initiating someone into injection in the last 12 months.Methods: We recruited a cross-sectional sample of PWID (N = 605) in California from 2011 to 2013. We examined bivariate and multivariate risk factors for initiating someone into injection with a focus on behaviors that might encourage injection initiation such as injecting in front of non-PWID, describing how to inject to non-PWID, and willingness to initiate someone into drug injection.Results: Having initiated someone into injection was reported by 34% of PWID overall and 7% in the last 12 months. Forty-four PWID had assisted 431 people into injection in the past year. Factors independently associated with initiating someone into injection in the last 12 months were self-reported likelihood of initiating someone in the future (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 7.09; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] =3.40, 14.79), having injected another PWID in past month (AOR = 4.05; 95% confidence interval [Cl] = 1.94, 8.47), having described how to inject to non-injectors (2.61; 95% CI = 1.19, 5.71), and non-injection powder cocaine use in past month (AOR= 4.97; 95% CI = 2.08, 11.84) while controlling for study site.Conclusion: Active PWID are important in facilitating the process of drug injection uptake. Interventions to reduce initiation should include efforts to change behaviors and intentions among PWID that are associated with injection uptake among others. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.