A Driving Factor in Mobility? Transportation's Role in Connecting Subsidized Housing and Employment Outcomes in the Moving to Opportunity (MTO) Program
A Driving Factor in Mobility? Transportation's Role in Connecting Subsidized Housing and Employment Outcomes in the Moving to Opportunity (MTO) Program
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DOI：
10.1080/01944363.2014.935267
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Pierce, Gregory
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blumenberg, Evelyn;Pierce, Gregory
问题，研究策略和研究结果：我们评估了交通运输在改善参与者的就业成果中的作用，该项目是一个为期10年的示范项目，旨在使低收入家庭能够通过搬出高贫困社区来改善他们的成果。我们使用纵向数据从MTO计划，以评估交通的作用，汽车和改善获得公共交通，在移动，并保持就业。我们使用多项逻辑回归来预测就业状况的变化，作为汽车供应和交通可达性变化的函数，控制其他潜在的就业决定因素。我们发现，拥有或获得汽车与就业的可能性呈正相关。改善公共交通与维持就业呈正相关，但与就业增加无关。虽然我们不能确定汽车拥有量是在就业之前还是之后，但很明显，拥有汽车提供了多方面的好处，有助于获得和保持工作。实践总结：在低收入家庭中增加汽车使用的政策--即使在人口密集的城市地区--将最明显地增加就业机会和保住工作。虽然汽车项目不受许多规划者的欢迎，但它们将改善目前最难获得汽车的低收入家庭的生活。此外，支持迁往交通发达的社区可能有助于家庭保持稳定的就业。
Problem, research strategy, and findings: We evaluate the role of transportation in improving the employment outcomes of participants in the Moving to Opportunity (MTO) for Fair Housing Voucher Program, a 10-year demonstration project designed to enable low-income families to improve their outcomes by moving out of high-poverty neighborhoods. We use longitudinal data from the MTO program to assess the role of transportation-automobiles and improved access to public transit-in moving to, and maintaining, employment. We use multinomial logistic regression to predict changes in employment status as a function of change in automobile availability and transit accessibility, controlling for other potential determinants of employment. We find that keeping or gaining access to an automobile is positively related to the likelihood of employment. Improved access to public transit is positively associated with maintaining employment, but not with job gains. Although we cannot say for certain whether car ownership preceded or followed employment, it is clear that having a car provides multiple benefits that facilitate getting and keeping a job.Takeaway for practice: Policies to increase automobile access among low-income households-even in dense urban areas-will most clearly enhance job gain and job retention. While auto programs are unpopular with many planners, they would improve the lives of low-income families who currently have the least access to cars. In addition, supporting moves to transit-rich neighborhoods may help households maintain consistent employment.