Ethical Considerations in Vaccine Allocation
Ethical Considerations in Vaccine Allocation
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DOI：
10.1080/08820139.2021.1924771
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发表时间：
2021-05-23
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Applewhite, Megan K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Reis-Dennis, Samuel;Applewhite, Megan K.
为了在Covid-19大流行期间就指导疫苗分配的伦理原则和理想建立共识，包括疾病控制中心（CDC）和国家科学、工程和医学院在内的多个组织发布了样本分配框架，以帮助指导负责分配疫苗剂量的政府实体。这些报告达成一致的一个方面是，一线卫生保健工作者，特别是那些经常与Covid-19患者接触的人，应该得到最高的优先考虑。但是，这种趋同虽然意义重大，却引发了有关在最优先的卫生保健工作者中分配疫苗的伦理问题：如果一家医院的供应不足，无法为其所有员工接种疫苗，那么它应该优先考虑哪些重要工作者？在本文中，我们首先概述了疫苗管理的伦理问题，然后将我们的重点缩小到一些最紧迫的理论和实践问题，医院官员必须面对建立合理和可操作的框架，为他们的工人接种疫苗。我们讨论和评估了医院分配计划的一些潜在目标，特别集中在保护社区免受灾难性生命损失的目标上。最后，我们考虑了医院在制定旨在实现这一愿望的分配指南时将遇到的一些具体问题。
In an effort to establish a consensus position on the ethical principles and ideals that should guide vaccine allocation during the Covid-19 pandemic, various organizations, including the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine, released sample allocation frameworks to help guide government entities charged with distributing vaccine doses. One area of agreement among these reports is that front line health care workers, especially those who come into regular contact with Covid-19 patients, ought to be afforded highest priority. But this convergence, though significant, raises questions concerning the ethics of vaccine distribution among those highest-priority health care workers: If a hospital has inadequate supply to vaccinate its entire workforce, which of its essential workers should it prioritize? In this paper, we begin with a general overview of ethical questions of vaccine administration before narrowing our focus to some of the most pressing theoretical and practical issues hospital officials must face in building justifiable and actionable frameworks for vaccinating their workers. We discuss and assess some potential ambitions of hospital allocation plans, concentrating especially on the goal of protecting the community from catastrophic loss of life. Finally, we consider some specific questions hospitals will encounter when developing distribution guidelines that aim to realize this aspiration.