Tricritical Dicke model with and without dissipation
Tricritical Dicke model with and without dissipation
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DOI：
10.1103/physreva.108.033706
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发表时间：
2023-05
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Diego Fallas Padilla;H. Pu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Diego Fallas Padilla;H. Pu
涉及多能级原子的光-物质相互作用系统是检验平衡态和动力学现象的一个有吸引力的平台。在这里，我们探讨了一个三临界迪凯模型，三能级系统的合奏与一个单一的光模式，通过两种不同的方法：一个广义的Holstein-Primakoff映射，并使用Gell-Mann矩阵的治疗。这两种方法被发现是等价的，在热力学极限的无限数量的原子。在平衡状态下，系统呈现出丰富的相图，其中连续和离散对称性都可以自发地被打破。我们根据它们的标度行为刻画了所有不同类型的对称性。远离热力学极限，考虑到只有几十个原子，该系统已经表现出可以帮助在潜在实验中描述二阶和一阶跃迁的特征。重要的是，我们发现，三临界行为时，考虑到耗散被保存，此外，系统开发的稳态相图与各种区域的双稳，所有这些都收敛于三临界点。有多个稳定的正常和superradiant阶段工程有趣的稳定状态的初始状态和/或参数淬火的巧妙选择开辟了前景的途径。
Light-matter interacting systems involving multi-level atoms are appealing platforms for testing equilibrium and dynamical phenomena. Here, we explore a tricritical Dicke model, where an ensemble of three-level systems interacts with a single light mode, through two different approaches: a generalized Holstein-Primakoff map, and a treatment using the Gell-Mann matrices. Both methods are found to be equivalent in the thermodynamic limit of an infinite number of atoms. In equilibrium, the system exhibits a rich phase diagram where both continuous and discrete symmetries can be spontaneously broken. We characterize all the different types of symmetries according to their scaling behaviors. Far from the thermodynamic limit, considering just a few tens of atoms, the system already exhibits features that could help characterize both second and first-order transitions in a potential experiment. Importantly, we show that the tricritical behavior is preserved when dissipation is taken into account, moreover, the system develops a steady-state phase diagram with various regions of bistability, all of them converging at the tricritical point. Having multiple stable normal and superradiant phases opens prospective avenues for engineering interesting steady states by a clever choice of initial states and/or parameter quenching.