Sexual and gender based violence against men in the Democratic Republic of Congo: effects on survivors, their families and the community.
Sexual and gender based violence against men in the Democratic Republic of Congo: effects on survivors, their families and the community.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/13623699.2011.645144
复制
发表时间：
2011-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Glass, Nancy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Christian, Mervyn;Safari, Octave;Glass, Nancy
媒体和服务提供商关于武装冲突中对男子实施性暴力和基于性别的暴力的报道有所增加。然而，对这些报告的反应有限，因为现有证据和方案主要侧重于预防和应对性暴力和性暴力的妇女和女孩幸存者。这项研究旨在通过促进我们对男性SGBV的定义和特征以及在冲突和冲突后环境中对男性幸存者、其家庭和社区的健康、社会和经济后果的重叠的理解，来促进男性经历SGBV的证据。这项定性研究于2010年6月至8月在刚果民主共和国东部的南基伍省进行，该地区经历了十多年的武装冲突。对SGBV的成年男性幸存者、幸存者的妻子和/或朋友、医疗保健和服务提供者、社区成员和领导人进行了半结构化的个人访谈和焦点小组讨论。这项研究发现，与女性一样，针对男性的性基于性别的暴力是多方面的，对男性幸存者及其家人具有重大的身体、心理、社会和经济后果。在受冲突影响的地区，针对男子和男孩的基于性别的暴力行为可能很常见，但幸存者和其他人往往没有报告，原因是与性侵犯有关的文化和社会因素，包括幸存者的耻辱、对肇事者报复的恐惧和社区成员的耻辱。我们研究中的所有主要利益攸关方都倡导在以下几个领域改进和实施方案：(1)医疗保健服务，包括识别幸存者的能力，以及增加男性幸存者获得临床护理和心理社会支持的机会；(2)针对男性及其家人的经济发展倡议，包括小额融资计划，以帮助他们恢复在家庭中的生产角色；(3)社区对针对男性的性基于性别歧视的认识和教育，以减少对男性的污名和歧视，并增加家庭和更大社区对幸存者的接受。
Media and service provider reports of sexual and gender based violence (SGBV) perpetrated against men in armed conflicts have increased. However, response to these reports has been limited, as existing evidence and programs have primarily focused on prevention and response to women and girl survivors of SGBV. This study aims to contribute to the evidence of SGBV experienced by males by advancing our understanding of the definition and characteristics of male SGBV and the overlap of health, social and economic consequences on the male survivor, his family and community in conflict and post-conflict settings. The qualitative study using purposive sampling was conducted from June-August 2010 in the South Kivu province of Eastern DRC, an area that has experienced over a decade of armed conflict. Semi structured individual interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with adult male survivors of SGBV, the survivors' wife and/or friend, health care and service providers, community members and leaders. This study found that SGBV against men, as for women, is multi-dimensional and has significant negative physical, mental, social and economic consequences for the male survivor and his family. SGBV perpetrated against men and boys is likely common within a conflict-affected region but often goes unreported by survivors and others due to cultural and social factors associated with sexual assaults, including survivor shame, fear of retaliation by perpetrators and stigma by community members. All key stakeholders in our study advocated for improvements and programs in several areas: (1) health care services, including capacity to identify survivors and increased access to clinical care and psychosocial support for male survivors; (2) economic development initiatives, including microfinance programs, for men and their families to assist them to regain their productive role in the family; (3) community awareness and education of SGBV against men to reduce stigma and discrimination and increase acceptance of survivors by family and larger community.