Source memory in the absence of successful cued recall
Source memory in the absence of successful cued recall
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.32.4.828
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发表时间：
2006-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Hicks, Jason L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cook, Gabriel I.;Marsh, Richard L.;Hicks, Jason L.
进行了五个实验，以解决的问题，是否源信息可以访问的情况下，能够回忆起一个项目。作者使用配对联想学习范式，其中线索-目标词对进行了研究，并要求在线索的存在下进行目标回忆。当目标回忆失败时，参与者被要求判断是男人还是女人说出了未回忆的项目。在5个实验中的3个中，源的准确性处于或非常接近于偶然。相比之下，如果线索-目标对被多次研究，或者参与者在学习之前就知道需要预测判断，那么预测源的准确性远远高于偶然性。这些数据表明，上下文信息可能不会发挥很大的作用，在元认知判断，如感觉知道评级或把一个到舌尖的状态没有强大的和具体的编码程序。同样的结果也强调了项目记忆在提取项目经历的背景信息方面的重要作用。
Five experiments were conducted to address the question of whether source information could be accessed in the absence of being able to recall an item. The authors used a paired-associate learning paradigm in which cue-target word pairs were studied, and target recall was requested in the presence of the cue. When target recall failed, participants were asked to make a source judgment of whether a man or woman spoke the unrecalled item. In 3 of the 5 experiments, source accuracy was at or very close to chance. By contrast, if cue-target pairs were studied multiple times or participants knew in advance of learning that a predictive judgment would be required, then predictive source accuracy was well above chance. These data are suggestive that context information may not play a very large role in metacognitive judgments such as feeling-of-knowing ratings or putting one into a tip-of-the-tongue state without strong and specific encoding procedures. These same results also highlight the important role that item memory plays in retrieving information about the context in which an item was experienced.